Emerging Role and Clinicopathological Significance of AEG-1 in Different Cancer Types: A Concise Review
Tumor breakthrough is driven by genetic or epigenetic variations which assist in initiation, migration, invasion and metastasis of tumors. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) protein has risen recently as the crucial factor in malignancies and plays a potential role in diverse complex oncogenic signal...
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doaj-fd70a3c1bcac4b98887e0e8509e2e6a42021-07-01T00:10:50ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-06-01101497149710.3390/cells10061497Emerging Role and Clinicopathological Significance of AEG-1 in Different Cancer Types: A Concise ReviewSushmitha Sriramulu0Xiao-Feng Sun1Sarubala Malayaperumal2Harsha Ganesan3Hong Zhang4Murugesan Ramachandran5Antara Banerjee6Surajit Pathak7Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, IndiaDepartment of Oncology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, SwedenDepartment of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, IndiaDepartment of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, IndiaDepartment of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Orebro University, SE-701 82 Orebro, SwedenDepartment of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, IndiaDepartment of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, IndiaDepartment of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, IndiaTumor breakthrough is driven by genetic or epigenetic variations which assist in initiation, migration, invasion and metastasis of tumors. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) protein has risen recently as the crucial factor in malignancies and plays a potential role in diverse complex oncogenic signaling cascades. AEG-1 has multiple roles in tumor growth and development and is found to be involved in various signaling pathways of: (i) Ha-ras and PI3K/AKT; (ii) the NF-κB; (iii) the ERK or mitogen-activated protein kinase and Wnt or β-catenin and (iv) the Aurora-A kinase. Recent studies have confirmed that in all the hallmarks of cancers, AEG-1 plays a key functionality including progression, transformation, sustained angiogenesis, evading apoptosis, and invasion and metastasis. Clinical studies have supported that AEG-1 is actively intricated in tumor growth and progression which includes esophageal squamous cell, gastric, colorectal, hepatocellular, gallbladder, breast, prostate and non-small cell lung cancers, as well as renal cell carcinomas, melanoma, glioma, neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma. Existing studies have reported that AEG-1 expression has been induced by Ha-ras through intrication of PI3K/AKT signaling. Conversely, AEG-1 also activates PI3K/AKT pathway and modulates the defined subset of downstream target proteins via crosstalk between the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Hedgehog signaling cascade which further plays a crucial role in metastasis. Thus, AEG-1 may be employed as a biomarker to discern the patients of those who are likely to get aid from AEG-1-targeted medication. AEG-1 may play as an effective target to repress tumor development, occlude metastasis, and magnify the effectiveness of treatments. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanism of AEG-1 in the process of carcinogenesis and its involvement in regulation of crosstalk between the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Hedgehog signaling. We also highlight the multifaceted functions, expression, clinicopathological significance and molecular inhibitors of AEG-1 in various cancer types.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/6/1497AEG-1biomarkercancerclinicopathologyinhibitorpathway |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sushmitha Sriramulu Xiao-Feng Sun Sarubala Malayaperumal Harsha Ganesan Hong Zhang Murugesan Ramachandran Antara Banerjee Surajit Pathak |
spellingShingle |
Sushmitha Sriramulu Xiao-Feng Sun Sarubala Malayaperumal Harsha Ganesan Hong Zhang Murugesan Ramachandran Antara Banerjee Surajit Pathak Emerging Role and Clinicopathological Significance of AEG-1 in Different Cancer Types: A Concise Review Cells AEG-1 biomarker cancer clinicopathology inhibitor pathway |
author_facet |
Sushmitha Sriramulu Xiao-Feng Sun Sarubala Malayaperumal Harsha Ganesan Hong Zhang Murugesan Ramachandran Antara Banerjee Surajit Pathak |
author_sort |
Sushmitha Sriramulu |
title |
Emerging Role and Clinicopathological Significance of AEG-1 in Different Cancer Types: A Concise Review |
title_short |
Emerging Role and Clinicopathological Significance of AEG-1 in Different Cancer Types: A Concise Review |
title_full |
Emerging Role and Clinicopathological Significance of AEG-1 in Different Cancer Types: A Concise Review |
title_fullStr |
Emerging Role and Clinicopathological Significance of AEG-1 in Different Cancer Types: A Concise Review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Emerging Role and Clinicopathological Significance of AEG-1 in Different Cancer Types: A Concise Review |
title_sort |
emerging role and clinicopathological significance of aeg-1 in different cancer types: a concise review |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Cells |
issn |
2073-4409 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
Tumor breakthrough is driven by genetic or epigenetic variations which assist in initiation, migration, invasion and metastasis of tumors. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) protein has risen recently as the crucial factor in malignancies and plays a potential role in diverse complex oncogenic signaling cascades. AEG-1 has multiple roles in tumor growth and development and is found to be involved in various signaling pathways of: (i) Ha-ras and PI3K/AKT; (ii) the NF-κB; (iii) the ERK or mitogen-activated protein kinase and Wnt or β-catenin and (iv) the Aurora-A kinase. Recent studies have confirmed that in all the hallmarks of cancers, AEG-1 plays a key functionality including progression, transformation, sustained angiogenesis, evading apoptosis, and invasion and metastasis. Clinical studies have supported that AEG-1 is actively intricated in tumor growth and progression which includes esophageal squamous cell, gastric, colorectal, hepatocellular, gallbladder, breast, prostate and non-small cell lung cancers, as well as renal cell carcinomas, melanoma, glioma, neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma. Existing studies have reported that AEG-1 expression has been induced by Ha-ras through intrication of PI3K/AKT signaling. Conversely, AEG-1 also activates PI3K/AKT pathway and modulates the defined subset of downstream target proteins via crosstalk between the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Hedgehog signaling cascade which further plays a crucial role in metastasis. Thus, AEG-1 may be employed as a biomarker to discern the patients of those who are likely to get aid from AEG-1-targeted medication. AEG-1 may play as an effective target to repress tumor development, occlude metastasis, and magnify the effectiveness of treatments. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanism of AEG-1 in the process of carcinogenesis and its involvement in regulation of crosstalk between the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Hedgehog signaling. We also highlight the multifaceted functions, expression, clinicopathological significance and molecular inhibitors of AEG-1 in various cancer types. |
topic |
AEG-1 biomarker cancer clinicopathology inhibitor pathway |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/6/1497 |
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