Maukirana grahonmada – Psychiatric manifestations of Graves' hyperthyroidism and ophthalmopathy?

• Main Authors: Prasad Mamidi, Kshama Gupta
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2018-01-01
• Series: Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth
• Subjects: Ayurveda; Graves' disease; hyperthyroidism; Maukirana grahonmada; ophthalmopathy; psychiatry
• Online Access: http://www.mjdrdypv.org/article.asp?issn=2589-8302;year=2018;volume=11;issue=6;spage=466;epage=470;aulast=Mamidi

Bhuta vidya (Ayurvedic psychiatry) is one of the eight specialties of Ayurveda. It deals with various psychiatric conditions caused by the affliction of evil spirits. Unmada (a broad term which consists various psychiatric problems) is a major psychiatric condition described in Ayurvedic and it is characterized by deranged mental functions. “Bhutonmada” (psychiatric conditions of idiopathic nature) is a type of unmada caused by the affliction of “bhoota”/“graha” (evil spirits or supernatural powers). Maukirana grahonmada (MG) is one among 18 types (deva, asura, rushi, guru, vruddha, siddha, pitru, gandharva, yaksha, rakshasa, sarpa, brahma rakshasa, pishacha, kushmanda, nishada, preta, maukirana, and vetala) of bhutonmada. Till date, there were no studies available on MG and the present study aims at better understanding along with clinical applicability of MG. MG is characterized by Ugravaadinam (agitation/aggression/verbal abuse), Rakta, trasta netram (reddish and tired eyes), Yaachantam annam (begging food), and Yaachantam udakarm (begging water). It is very difficult to understand MG based on these few lakshana's (signs and symptoms). Graves' disease (GD) (hyperthyroidism) with ophthalmopathy has shown similarity with MG. GD associated with hyperthyroidism and ophthalmopathy has shown marked similarity with MG. MG is having similarity with GD and Graves' ophthalmopathy.