Cerebral small vessel disease: targeting oxidative stressas a novel therapeutic strategy?
Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a major contributor to stroke, and a leading cause of cognitive impairment and dementia. Despite the devastating effects of cerebral SVD, the pathogenesis of cerebral SVD is still not completely understood. Moreover, there are no specific pharmacological strate...
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doaj-fdf1de29060841568346c1970e8e997e2020-11-25T01:07:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122016-03-01710.3389/fphar.2016.00061185462Cerebral small vessel disease: targeting oxidative stressas a novel therapeutic strategy?Alyson Anne Miller0T. Michael eDe Silva1RMIT UniversityBiomedical Discovery InstituteCerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a major contributor to stroke, and a leading cause of cognitive impairment and dementia. Despite the devastating effects of cerebral SVD, the pathogenesis of cerebral SVD is still not completely understood. Moreover, there are no specific pharmacological strategies for its prevention or treatment. Cerebral SVD is characterized by marked functional and structural abnormalities of the cerebral microcirculation. The clinical manifestations of these pathological changes include lacunar infarcts, white matter hyperintensities, and cerebral microbleeds. The main purpose of this review is to discuss evidence implicating oxidative stress in the ateriopathy of both non-amyloid and amyloid (cerebral amyloid angiopathy) forms of cerebral SVD and its most important risk factors (hypertension and aging), as well as its contribution to cerebral SVD-related brain injury and cognitive impairment. We also highlight current evidence of the involvement of the NADPH oxidases in the development of oxidative stress, enzymes that are a major source of reactive oxygen species in the cerebral vasculature. Lastly, we discuss potential pharmacological strategies for oxidative stress in cerebral SVD, including some of the historical and emerging NADPH oxidase inhibitors.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphar.2016.00061/fullBrain Injurycognitive impairmentCerebral small vessel diseaseOxidative stress and redox regulationPharmacological strategiesNADPH oxidases (Noxs) |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Alyson Anne Miller T. Michael eDe Silva |
spellingShingle |
Alyson Anne Miller T. Michael eDe Silva Cerebral small vessel disease: targeting oxidative stressas a novel therapeutic strategy? Frontiers in Pharmacology Brain Injury cognitive impairment Cerebral small vessel disease Oxidative stress and redox regulation Pharmacological strategies NADPH oxidases (Noxs) |
author_facet |
Alyson Anne Miller T. Michael eDe Silva |
author_sort |
Alyson Anne Miller |
title |
Cerebral small vessel disease: targeting oxidative stressas a novel therapeutic strategy? |
title_short |
Cerebral small vessel disease: targeting oxidative stressas a novel therapeutic strategy? |
title_full |
Cerebral small vessel disease: targeting oxidative stressas a novel therapeutic strategy? |
title_fullStr |
Cerebral small vessel disease: targeting oxidative stressas a novel therapeutic strategy? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cerebral small vessel disease: targeting oxidative stressas a novel therapeutic strategy? |
title_sort |
cerebral small vessel disease: targeting oxidative stressas a novel therapeutic strategy? |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Pharmacology |
issn |
1663-9812 |
publishDate |
2016-03-01 |
description |
Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a major contributor to stroke, and a leading cause of cognitive impairment and dementia. Despite the devastating effects of cerebral SVD, the pathogenesis of cerebral SVD is still not completely understood. Moreover, there are no specific pharmacological strategies for its prevention or treatment. Cerebral SVD is characterized by marked functional and structural abnormalities of the cerebral microcirculation. The clinical manifestations of these pathological changes include lacunar infarcts, white matter hyperintensities, and cerebral microbleeds. The main purpose of this review is to discuss evidence implicating oxidative stress in the ateriopathy of both non-amyloid and amyloid (cerebral amyloid angiopathy) forms of cerebral SVD and its most important risk factors (hypertension and aging), as well as its contribution to cerebral SVD-related brain injury and cognitive impairment. We also highlight current evidence of the involvement of the NADPH oxidases in the development of oxidative stress, enzymes that are a major source of reactive oxygen species in the cerebral vasculature. Lastly, we discuss potential pharmacological strategies for oxidative stress in cerebral SVD, including some of the historical and emerging NADPH oxidase inhibitors. |
topic |
Brain Injury cognitive impairment Cerebral small vessel disease Oxidative stress and redox regulation Pharmacological strategies NADPH oxidases (Noxs) |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphar.2016.00061/full |
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AT alysonannemiller cerebralsmallvesseldiseasetargetingoxidativestressasanoveltherapeuticstrategy AT tmichaeledesilva cerebralsmallvesseldiseasetargetingoxidativestressasanoveltherapeuticstrategy |
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