Caloric restriction blocks neuropathology and motor deficits in Machado-Joseph disease mouse models through SIRT1 pathway

• Main Authors: Cunha-Santos, Janete (Author), Duarte-Neves, Joana (Author), Carmona, Vitor (Author), Pereira de Almeida, Luís (Author), Cavadas, Cláudia (Author), Guarente, Leonard Pershing (Contributor)
• Other Authors: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology (Contributor), Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (Contributor), Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT (Contributor)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Nature Publishing Group, 2017-01-24T17:16:28Z.
• Subjects: Article
• Online Access: Get fulltext

Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by an abnormal expansion of the CAG triplet in the ATXN3 gene, translating into a polyglutamine tract within the ataxin-3 protein. The available treatments only ameliorate symptomatology and do not block disease progression. In this study we find that caloric restriction dramatically rescues the motor incoordination, imbalance and the associated neuropathology in transgenic MJD mice. We further show that caloric restriction rescues SIRT1 levels in transgenic MJD mice, whereas silencing SIRT1 is sufficient to prevent the beneficial effects on MJD pathology. In addition, the re-establishment of SIRT1 levels in MJD mouse model, through the gene delivery approach, significantly ameliorates neuropathology, reducing neuroinflammation and activating autophagy. Furthermore, the pharmacological activation of SIRT1 with resveratrol significantly reduces motor incoordination of MJD mice. The pharmacological SIRT1 activation could provide important benefits to treat MJD patients.
Fonds Europeen de Developpement Economique et Regional (Grant CENTRO-07-ST24-FEDER-002002)
French Muscular Dystrophy Association (AFM-Téléthon)
National Ataxia Foundation
Richard Chin and Lily Lock Machado-Joseph Disease Research Fund
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal) (Strategic Project UID/NEU/04539/2013, E-Rare4/0003/2012)