Weakly Interacting Bose Gas in the One-Dimensional Limit

• Main Authors: Kruger, P. (Author), Hofferberth, Sebastian (Contributor), Mazets, I. E. (Author), Lesanovsky, I. (Author), Schmiedmayer, J. (Author)
• Other Authors: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Research Laboratory of Electronics (Contributor), MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms (Contributor)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: American Physical Society, 2011-07-08T22:07:07Z.
• Subjects: Article
• Online Access: Get fulltext

We prepare a chemically and thermally one-dimensional (1D) quantum degenerate Bose gas in a single microtrap. We introduce a new interferometric method to distinguish the quasicondensate fraction of the gas from the thermal cloud at finite temperature. We reach temperatures down to kT≈0.5ℏω⊥ (transverse oscillator eigenfrequency ω⊥) when collisional thermalization slows down as expected in 1D. At the lowest temperatures the transverse-momentum distribution exhibits a residual dependence on the line density n1D [n subscript 1D], characteristic for 1D systems. For very low densities the approach to the transverse single-particle ground state is linear in n1D [n subscript 1D].
European Union
Austrian Science Fund
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council