Luminal Bioavailability of Orally Administered ω-3 PUFAs in the Distal Small Intestine, and Associated Changes to the Ileal Microbiome, in Humans with a Temporary Ileostomy
yes === Background: Oral administration of purified omega-3 (ω-3) PUFAs is associated with changes to the fecal microbiome. However, it is not known whether this effect is associated with increased PUFA concentrations in the gut. Objectives: We investigated the luminal bioavailability of oral ω-3 P...
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ndltd-BRADFORD-oai-bradscholars.brad.ac.uk-10454-185572021-11-10T05:01:19Z Luminal Bioavailability of Orally Administered ω-3 PUFAs in the Distal Small Intestine, and Associated Changes to the Ileal Microbiome, in Humans with a Temporary Ileostomy Nana, G. Mitra, S. Watson, H. Young, C. Wood, H.M. Perry, S.L. Race, Amanda D. Quirke, P. Toogood, G.J. Loadman, Paul M. Hull, M.A. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) Ileostomy Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Small intestine Ileal microbiome yes Background: Oral administration of purified omega-3 (ω-3) PUFAs is associated with changes to the fecal microbiome. However, it is not known whether this effect is associated with increased PUFA concentrations in the gut. Objectives: We investigated the luminal bioavailability of oral ω-3 PUFAs (daily dose 1 g EPA and 1g DHA free fatty acid equivalents as triglycerides in soft-gel capsules, twice daily) and changes to the gut microbiome, in the ileum. Methods: Ileostomy fluid (IF) and blood were obtained at baseline, after first capsule dosing (median 2 h), and at a similar time after final dosing on day 28, in 11 individuals (median age 63 y) with a temporary ileostomy. Fatty acids were measured by LC–tandem MS. The ileal microbiome was characterized by 16S rRNA PCR and Illumina sequencing. Results: There was a mean 6.0 ± 9.8-fold and 6.6 ± 9.6-fold increase in ileal EPA and DHA concentrations (primary outcome), respectively, at 28 d, which was associated with increased RBC ω-3 PUFA content (P ≤ 0.05). The first oral dose did not increase the ileal ω-3 PUFA concentration except in 4 individuals, who displayed high luminal EPA and DHA concentrations, which reduced to concentrations similar to the overall study population at day 28, suggesting physiological adaptation. Bacteroides, Clostridium, and Streptococcus were abundant bacterial genera in the ileum. Ileal microbiome variability over time and between individuals was large, with no consistent change associated with acute ω-3 PUFA dosing. However, high concentrations of EPA and DHA in IF on day 28 were associated with higher abundance of Bacteroides (r2 > 0.86, P < 0.05) and reduced abundance of other genera, including Actinomyces (r2 > 0.94, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Oral administration of ω-3 PUFAs leads to increased luminal ω-3 PUFA concentrations and changes to the microbiome, in the ileum of individuals with a temporary ileostomy. 2021-07-06T12:19:13Z 2021-07-21T13:55:38Z 2021-07-06T12:19:13Z 2021-07-21T13:55:38Z 2021-05 2021-03-29 2021-07-06T11:19:19Z Article Published version Nana G, Mitra S, Watson H, Young C, Wood HM, Perry, SL, Race AD, Quirke P, Toogood GJ, Loadman PM and Hull MA (2021) Luminal bioavailability in the distal small intestine and changes to the ileal microbiome after oral administration of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Journal of Nutrition. 151(8): 2142–2152. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18557 en https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab113 © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
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en |
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Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) Ileostomy Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Small intestine Ileal microbiome |
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Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) Ileostomy Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Small intestine Ileal microbiome Nana, G. Mitra, S. Watson, H. Young, C. Wood, H.M. Perry, S.L. Race, Amanda D. Quirke, P. Toogood, G.J. Loadman, Paul M. Hull, M.A. Luminal Bioavailability of Orally Administered ω-3 PUFAs in the Distal Small Intestine, and Associated Changes to the Ileal Microbiome, in Humans with a Temporary Ileostomy |
description |
yes === Background: Oral administration of purified omega-3 (ω-3) PUFAs is associated with changes to the fecal microbiome. However, it is not known whether this effect is associated with increased PUFA concentrations in the gut.
Objectives: We investigated the luminal bioavailability of oral ω-3 PUFAs (daily dose 1 g EPA and 1g DHA free fatty acid equivalents as triglycerides in soft-gel capsules, twice daily) and changes to the gut microbiome, in the ileum.
Methods: Ileostomy fluid (IF) and blood were obtained at baseline, after first capsule dosing (median 2 h), and at a similar time after final dosing on day 28, in 11 individuals (median age 63 y) with a temporary ileostomy. Fatty acids were measured by LC–tandem MS. The ileal microbiome was characterized by 16S rRNA PCR and Illumina sequencing.
Results: There was a mean 6.0 ± 9.8-fold and 6.6 ± 9.6-fold increase in ileal EPA and DHA concentrations (primary outcome), respectively, at 28 d, which was associated with increased RBC ω-3 PUFA content (P ≤ 0.05). The first oral dose did not increase the ileal ω-3 PUFA concentration except in 4 individuals, who displayed high luminal EPA and DHA concentrations, which reduced to concentrations similar to the overall study population at day 28, suggesting physiological adaptation. Bacteroides, Clostridium, and Streptococcus were abundant bacterial genera in the ileum. Ileal microbiome variability over time and between individuals was large, with no consistent change associated with acute ω-3
PUFA dosing. However, high concentrations of EPA and DHA in IF on day 28 were associated with higher abundance of Bacteroides (r2 > 0.86, P < 0.05) and reduced abundance of other genera, including Actinomyces (r2 > 0.94, P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Oral administration of ω-3 PUFAs leads to increased luminal ω-3 PUFA concentrations and changes to the microbiome, in the ileum of individuals with a temporary ileostomy. |
author |
Nana, G. Mitra, S. Watson, H. Young, C. Wood, H.M. Perry, S.L. Race, Amanda D. Quirke, P. Toogood, G.J. Loadman, Paul M. Hull, M.A. |
author_facet |
Nana, G. Mitra, S. Watson, H. Young, C. Wood, H.M. Perry, S.L. Race, Amanda D. Quirke, P. Toogood, G.J. Loadman, Paul M. Hull, M.A. |
author_sort |
Nana, G. |
title |
Luminal Bioavailability of Orally Administered ω-3 PUFAs in the Distal Small Intestine, and Associated Changes to the Ileal Microbiome, in Humans with a Temporary Ileostomy |
title_short |
Luminal Bioavailability of Orally Administered ω-3 PUFAs in the Distal Small Intestine, and Associated Changes to the Ileal Microbiome, in Humans with a Temporary Ileostomy |
title_full |
Luminal Bioavailability of Orally Administered ω-3 PUFAs in the Distal Small Intestine, and Associated Changes to the Ileal Microbiome, in Humans with a Temporary Ileostomy |
title_fullStr |
Luminal Bioavailability of Orally Administered ω-3 PUFAs in the Distal Small Intestine, and Associated Changes to the Ileal Microbiome, in Humans with a Temporary Ileostomy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Luminal Bioavailability of Orally Administered ω-3 PUFAs in the Distal Small Intestine, and Associated Changes to the Ileal Microbiome, in Humans with a Temporary Ileostomy |
title_sort |
luminal bioavailability of orally administered ω-3 pufas in the distal small intestine, and associated changes to the ileal microbiome, in humans with a temporary ileostomy |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18557 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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