中共文化大革命(1966)前的少數民族政策

• Main Authors: 鄭金德, Cheng, Chin-Te
• Language: 中文
• Published: 國立政治大學
• Subjects: 文化大革命; 少數民族
• Online Access: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cdrfb3/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&i=sid=%22B2002009184%22.

本論文共分下列六章。 第一章是導論。旨在說明有關少數民族的定義、起源、發與乎現在情勢。當然文中也論及共產國家對政策之解釋與運用。 第二章說明本論文之研究方法。包括共產主義的思想理論以及對民族問題的看法，加上民族學、民族誌法之交互研究。 第三章涉及三個國家的民族政策。自由國家以美國為準；共產國家以蘇俄為首，因為中共的少數民族政策淵源於俄國，所以美國、俄國及中共這三國有其討論的意義和價值。 第四章在說明中共民族政策之憲法根據與條文，然后再談及中共對少數民族的行政組織系統。 第五章旨在說明中共對少數民族的實際措施。包括其區域自治；民族幹部之培養；次言及中共對民族語言的改革情況；再而談及中共對少數民族的風俗習慣及宗教之不寬容於共產社會之政策；最後談及中共在社會及經濟上對少數民族地區的種種改革。 第六章是結論。旨在說明民族政策在廿世紀七十年代是應以開明的寬容政策為本；隔離和岐視已成歷史雲煙，而馬列主義的那一套模型也已不適用於今天；未來的民族政策，應如何著手去□訂，在文中也有所談到。 === This thesis is composed of the following six chapters. The first chapter is an introduction, explaining the definitions, originc, developmonts, developmonts and the present situations of the minorities. of course, it also discusses the policy interpretation and operation of the communist countries. The second chapter'explains the methodology of this thesis. The ideology of communism end its attitudes toward mincrity problems, ethnology, and the cross-study of Ethnography are also included. The third chapter deals with the minority policies of the eveloped c ountries. United State and the Soviet Union are chosen as examples, representing the free countries and the Communist countries, respectively. Since the minority policy of Communist China is originated from that of the Soviet Union. Therefore, it is meaningful and valuable to discuss the minority policies of three countries. Ths fourth chapter is devoted first to the constitutional foundation and articles of Ccmmunist China's minority policy, and secondly to its administrative organization system for minority affairs. The fifth chapter explains the actual measures toward minorities taken by Communist China. These include the reginal autonomy, the training of national minority cadres, the Communist China's reform of mincfity languages. intolerance policy toward the minorities' customs and religions, and finally the social and economical reform made by Communist China in the minority areas are also dissussed. The sixth chapter is the oonclusion. It explains that in the seventies of the twevtieth century, the minority policy should be based on tolerance. However, Segregation and discrimina tion is already obsolete. The Marxis mLeninism minority polioy can no longer be applied today.This thesis also discusses how to formulate the future minority policy.