GATS物流服務之研究

• Main Author: 劉瀠嘉
• Language: 中文
• Published: 國立政治大學
• Subjects: 物流服務; 各式運輸輔助服務; 分類; 定義; 物流服務清單; 杜哈回合談判; logistics services; services auxiliary to all modes of transport; classification; definition; freight logistics checklist; Doha round negotiaiton
• Online Access: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cdrfb3/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&i=sid=%22G0094651027%22.

隨著全球化趨勢以及企業間越加激烈之競爭關係，生產者為滿足消費者之即時需求，即常透過多式運送模式將商品跨國快速遞送。物流服務之涵蓋範圍因而越發廣泛並持續擴展，除了實體之商品配送服務，並完善整合不同運送模式，且將高效率之管理、關務與其他商業活動納入範疇。此種整合型物流服務之出現，除了免除生產者與貿易商物流管理之額外負擔，以利其專注本業外，高品質之物流服務尚可提昇運輸服務業之生產力，同時並增進全球經濟福利之發展。 鑑於物流服務以及供應鏈管理服務均非屬W/120中之獨立部門，WTO會員即以CPC為基礎發展出物流服務清單與相關提案，以期提昇物流服務在市場開放與國民待遇之承諾情形。 本文首先介紹物流服務之貿易實務，概述物流服務之貿易概況、產業趨勢與貿易障礙；其次探討GATS 架構下物流服務之相關規範與會員提案，並分別就相關之GATS條文與會員提案發展為剖析。此外，本文並分析WTO會員就物流服務之現行承諾狀況與新回合之開放情形。最後，本文以物流服務之分類議題、定義議題與相關服務之新回合談判進展為重點，進行深入之分析並嘗試提出可行之解決之道。 === In the wake of globalization and increasingly fierce competition, goods often need to be transported through several countries (by road, rail, air or water) as quickly as possible in order to respond "just in time" to customer demand. Logistics services comprise a wide range of services and are constantly evolving In addition to the physical transportation of goods, based on an optimized combination of available modes of transport, it involves the efficient handling of management, customs and other business matters. The existence of integrated logistics services relieve manufacturers and traders of the burden of logistics management and allow them to focus on their core competencies. High-quality logistics services could also increase the productivity of the transport sector, and improve global economic welfare at the same time. Since neither logistics nor supply chain management is identified as a distinct industry on the W/120, WTO members that rely on the CPC have advocated developing a freight logistics checklist and related proposals in the hope of improving meaningful market access and national treatment commitments for logistics services. The thesis first introduces the practices of trade in logistics services, including the profiles, trends of industrial development, and trade barriers on trade in logistics services. Then the thesis discusses the related regulations and proposals of logistics services under the GATS framework, explaining the related GATS articles for logistics servies and clarifying their influence as well. Besides, the thesis also exam members’ existing commitments and offers on the logistics services. Finally, the thesis focuses on the classification, definition and negotiation issues on the logistics services, analyzing existing difficulties and trying to submit possible solutions.