史達林格勒戰役的再評價

• Main Authors: 阮相偉, Ruan, Xiang Wei
• Language: 中文
• Published: 國立政治大學
• Subjects: 史達林格勒; 高加索; 德蘇戰爭; 第二次世界大戰
• Online Access: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cdrfb3/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&i=sid=%22G0096263010%22.

　　本文探討史達林格勒戰役的再評價。透過描述史達林格勒戰役中，德國與蘇聯在戰爭過程當中的決策與關鍵因素，進一步解釋其對於此戰役的影響。全文圍繞著三個討論主題，分別為蘇聯逆轉勝的原因為何？德國戰敗的原因又有哪些？戰役的結果又產生什麼影響？ 　　以戰爭史的角度來評價史達林格勒戰役，發現德軍在起初是以經濟為發動此場戰役的考量，但在蘇聯反抗的決心、英美國家對蘇聯提供物資的援助下，使得戰況逐漸對蘇軍有利；也因為德軍在蘇聯戰略目標的不確定、德軍堅持要守住史達林格勒與希特勒錯估戰況的情形下，造成蘇軍最後的獲勝。而這場戰役也帶來許多結果，德國在二次大戰的強勢受到挫折，蘇聯則成功提高自己在同盟國的地位，也間接造成二次大戰後的冷戰局面。 === 　　This thesis reevaluates the battle of Stalingrad. Through the description of the historical circumstances of this battle, this study analyzes some of the key factors and strategic decisions made by the Germans and Soviets. Discussion focuses on three major subjects, including how the Soviets victoriously changed the course of war, why Germany lost and the subsequent impact after the conclusion of the battle. 　　This study reevaluates the battle of Stalingrad from the perspective of war history and discovers that economic considerations initially led Germany to start the battle. However, due to the Soviets determination to resist, along with the material support provided by the UK and the USA, the Soviets gradually gained the upper hand. Moreover, because of German’s uncertainty about the Soviet strategy, their insistence upon holding Stalingrad and Hitler’s mistaken battle strategy, the Soviet red army was finally victorious. This battle had a number of important consequences. For instance, Germany lost its position of advantage in the war and the Soviets increased their status within the allied nations. Furthermore, this battle indirectly led to the cold war which began after World War II.