探討紫蘇對百草枯引起果蠅毒害之影響

• Main Author: 陳玫汝
• Language: 中文
• Published: 國立政治大學
• Subjects: 帕金森氏症; PINK1; Parkin; 紫蘇; 百草枯; 果蠅; Drosophila; Parkinson’s disease; Perilla; Paraquat
• Online Access: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cdrfb3/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&i=sid=%22G0103754009%22.

帕金森氏症是現今常見的神經退化性疾病，其特徵主要表現在運動功能上的缺失包含靜止時振顫、步態不穩及肢體僵硬等特徵。而基因研究指出當PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)及Parkin基因發生突變可能會導致粒腺體功能失常，進而導致帕金森氏症之神經退化性疾病，另外PINK1基因突變的果蠅亦會產生嗅覺辦識功能障礙。在環境因素方面，一種廣效使用的除草劑百草枯(paraquat)被認為與誘發帕金森氏症有關。根據中醫生理學概念，消化系統功能紊亂，不但影響腸道功能亦會影響其他系統的運作,包含中樞神經系統。因此本實驗採用中草藥紫蘇初萃取物作為實驗藥物，紫蘇(Perilla frutescens)在中醫臨床的主要功能用於治療因飲食不節而導致的腸胃氣滯，進而減緩其他表症的不適感，另外紫蘇另一項功能在於能解食魚蟹之毒。因此我們評估紫蘇可能對於野生型及突變型果蠅因百草枯引發之毒性具有保護作用。實驗結果顯示，紫蘇可以有效的降低因曝露在百草枯(24-72小時)下的致死率，不論在野生型Oregon-R品系及PINK1B9或Parkin25的突變型(年齡：3-7天, 10-14天)。然而紫蘇對於果蠅的運動爬行功能只有在施予百草枯後的野生型Oregon-R 品系(年齡：3-7天)有些微改善，但是在嗅覺辨識功能被百草枯破壞的PINK1B9 突變果蠅，則能經由紫蘇而減少嗅覺辨識的損害。綜合以上實驗結果得知紫蘇對於百草枯所造成的毒性具有保護效果，期望未來可作為治療帕金森氏症的潛在藥物。 === Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor deficits including resting tremor, akinesia, and rigidity. The olfactory disturbance appears to be an earlier symptom prior to the onset of motor dysfunction in PD. Genetic research has shown that mutations of the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkin genes could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal degeneration in PD. Moreover, the environmental neurotoxin paraquat (PQ), a widely used pesticide, is known to induce PD-like symptoms. According to Traditional Chinese medicine physiology theory, that the central nervous system and gut interact bidirectionally in functional gastrointestinal disorders. Perilla frutescens, a traditional herbal medicine, is mainly prescribed for the treatment of gastrointestinal discomfort after eating and symptom of qi stagnation. In addition, perilla has an important role in detoxification of seafood intake. Therefore, this study evaluated the protective effects of perilla on paraquat-induced toxicity in Drosophila PINK1 and parkin mutants and wild type flies. Result showed that perilla can effectively alleviate lethality of drosophila, including PINK1 and parkin mutant flies, exposed to paraquat for 24-72 hours. However, their motor dysfunctions induced by paraquat were little ameliorated by perilla. Importantly, the olfactory dysfunction, particularly olfactory discrimination, elicited by paraquat in PINK1 mutant fly was improved by perilla. Taken together, our findings provide the protective potential of perilla for treatment of PD syndromes.