孩童早期受托照顧與兒童犯罪之關聯性探討

• Main Author: 黃政翰
• Language: 中文
• Published: 國立政治大學
• Subjects: 托育照顧; 課後; 兒童發展; 偏差行為; 犯罪; Child care; After-school; Child development; Delinquency; Crime
• Online Access: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cdrfb3/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&i=sid=%22G1049210931%22.

托育安排對幼兒發展有著長遠影響。本研究旨在探討托育安排與兒童犯罪的可能關聯性。資料涵蓋自1998年至2015年間臺灣地區共16個縣市，估計方法採用最小平方法、固定效果以及隨機效果模型。 研究結果顯示，縣市的兒童犯罪率與其課後托育的比例有負向關聯，意味著當一個縣市有著較高比例的課後托育兒童時，其兒童犯罪率會進而降低。另外，結果亦指出，如離婚率、婚生嬰兒比以及人口密度等解釋變數，與兒童犯罪率呈現顯著相關。然而，破獲率和警政支出似乎與兒童犯罪率無關。 鑑此，為避免課後托育匱乏所帶來的長久負面效應，應在托育政策的制訂上，建立一個安全友善、平價普及的課後托育制度；其次，地方政府也應在幼托政策上投注更多資源，以達到兒童犯罪預防的效果；最後，政府機構須正視區域發展失衡對孩童的影響。 === Childcare arrangement plays an important role to child development. This study is to explore the possible correlation between childcare arrangement and child crime. The data is from 16 counties and cities in Taiwan from 1998 to 2015. The estimation methods are ordinary least squares, fixed effects and random effects models. The results show that a county/city’s child crime rate is negative correlated to its after-school care ratio, which implies that when a county/city has a higher proportion of children in after-school care programs, the child crime rate would be lower. The results also show that some explanatory variables, like divorce rate, legitimate baby ratio and population density, are significantly correlated to child crime rate. However, crime detection rate and police expenditure seem to be not correlated with child crime rate. In formulation of proper childcare policy, it is important to create a safe, friendly, affordable, and universal after-school care system. So, it could ensure that the long-term negative effect from lacking of after-school care program. In addition, local government should spend more resource on child care programs in order to achieve the effectiveness of child crime prevention. Finally, government agency should also address the regional development imbalances on children.