Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in Male Youth: The Interplay between Symptom Severity, Inflammation, Steroid Secretion, and Body Composition
The morbidity and societal burden of youth bipolar spectrum disorders (BSD) are high. These disorders are multisystemic in that adult populations there are clear interactions with inflammatory processes and steroidal physiological systems. There are much less data concerning these areas of study in...
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Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden
2018
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ndltd-DRESDEN-oai-qucosa.de-bsz-14-qucosa-2318042018-06-05T03:29:46Z Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in Male Youth: The Interplay between Symptom Severity, Inflammation, Steroid Secretion, and Body Composition Walther, Andreas Penz, Marlene Ijacic, Daniela Rice, Timothy R. Big Data bipolare Spektrumsstörungen longitudinales Monitoring Adipositas proinflammatorische Zytokine Antipsychotika der zweiten Generation Steroidhormone Jugend TU Dresden Publikationsfond big data bipolar spectrum disorders longitudinal monitoring obesity pro-inflammatory cytokines second-generation antipsychotics steroid hormones youth TU Dresden Publishing Fund ddc:610 rvk:XA 10000 The morbidity and societal burden of youth bipolar spectrum disorders (BSD) are high. These disorders are multisystemic in that adult populations there are clear interactions with inflammatory processes and steroidal physiological systems. There are much less data concerning these areas of study in youth populations with BSD. This is surprising given the association of youth-onset BSD with puberty and its associated physiological changes. In this mini-review, we overview the theoretical role of inflammatory processes and steroidal physiological systems in youth BSD, describe the greater literature in adult populations, detail the literature in youth populations when available, and overview current proposed molecular mechanistic pathways and interaction effects based on the available data. We also attend to the interplay of this complex system with body composition and weight gain, an especially important consideration in relation to the role of second generation antipsychotics as the first line treatment for youth with BSD in major clinical guidelines. A developmental model of early onset BSD for boys is hypothesized with pubertal hormonal changes increasing risk for first (hypo-)manic/depressive episode. The dramatic androgen rise during puberty might be relevant for first onset of BSD in boys. A shift from general hypercortisolism driven by glucocorticoid resistance to hypocortisolism with further disease progression is assumed, while increased levels of inflammation are functionally associated with endocrine dysregulation. The interacting role of overweight body habitus and obesity in youth with BSD further indicates leptin resistance to be a central moderator of the dynamic neurobiology of BSD in youth. The intent of this mini-review is to advance our knowledge of youth BSD as multisystemic disorders with important contributions from endocrinology and immunology based on a developmental perspective. This knowledge can influence current clinical care and more importantly inform future research. Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden Frontiers Research Foundation, 2018-06-04 doc-type:article application/pdf http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-231804 urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-231804 http://www.qucosa.de/fileadmin/data/qucosa/documents/23180/fpsyt-08-00207.pdf Frontiers in Psychiatry (2017), 8, ISSN: 1664-0640. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00207. Artikelnr.: 207. eng |
collection |
NDLTD |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
NDLTD |
topic |
Big Data bipolare Spektrumsstörungen longitudinales Monitoring Adipositas proinflammatorische Zytokine Antipsychotika der zweiten Generation Steroidhormone Jugend TU Dresden Publikationsfond big data bipolar spectrum disorders longitudinal monitoring obesity pro-inflammatory cytokines second-generation antipsychotics steroid hormones youth TU Dresden Publishing Fund ddc:610 rvk:XA 10000 |
spellingShingle |
Big Data bipolare Spektrumsstörungen longitudinales Monitoring Adipositas proinflammatorische Zytokine Antipsychotika der zweiten Generation Steroidhormone Jugend TU Dresden Publikationsfond big data bipolar spectrum disorders longitudinal monitoring obesity pro-inflammatory cytokines second-generation antipsychotics steroid hormones youth TU Dresden Publishing Fund ddc:610 rvk:XA 10000 Walther, Andreas Penz, Marlene Ijacic, Daniela Rice, Timothy R. Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in Male Youth: The Interplay between Symptom Severity, Inflammation, Steroid Secretion, and Body Composition |
description |
The morbidity and societal burden of youth bipolar spectrum disorders (BSD) are high. These disorders are multisystemic in that adult populations there are clear interactions with inflammatory processes and steroidal physiological systems. There are much less data concerning these areas of study in youth populations with BSD. This is surprising given the association of youth-onset BSD with puberty and its associated physiological changes. In this mini-review, we overview the theoretical role of inflammatory processes and steroidal physiological systems in youth BSD, describe the greater literature in adult populations, detail the literature in youth populations when available, and overview current proposed molecular mechanistic pathways and interaction effects based on the available data. We also attend to the interplay of this complex system with body composition and weight gain, an especially important consideration in relation to the role of second generation antipsychotics as the first line treatment for youth with BSD in major clinical guidelines. A developmental model of early onset BSD for boys is hypothesized with pubertal hormonal changes increasing risk for first (hypo-)manic/depressive episode. The dramatic androgen rise during puberty might be relevant for first onset of BSD in boys. A shift from general hypercortisolism driven by glucocorticoid resistance to hypocortisolism with further disease progression is assumed, while increased levels of inflammation are functionally associated with endocrine dysregulation. The interacting role of overweight body habitus and obesity in youth with BSD further indicates leptin resistance to be a central moderator of the dynamic neurobiology of BSD in youth. The intent of this mini-review is to advance our knowledge of youth BSD as multisystemic disorders with important contributions from endocrinology and immunology based on a developmental perspective. This knowledge can influence current clinical care and more importantly inform future research. |
author2 |
Frontiers Research Foundation, |
author_facet |
Frontiers Research Foundation, Walther, Andreas Penz, Marlene Ijacic, Daniela Rice, Timothy R. |
author |
Walther, Andreas Penz, Marlene Ijacic, Daniela Rice, Timothy R. |
author_sort |
Walther, Andreas |
title |
Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in Male Youth: The Interplay between Symptom Severity, Inflammation, Steroid Secretion, and Body Composition |
title_short |
Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in Male Youth: The Interplay between Symptom Severity, Inflammation, Steroid Secretion, and Body Composition |
title_full |
Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in Male Youth: The Interplay between Symptom Severity, Inflammation, Steroid Secretion, and Body Composition |
title_fullStr |
Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in Male Youth: The Interplay between Symptom Severity, Inflammation, Steroid Secretion, and Body Composition |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in Male Youth: The Interplay between Symptom Severity, Inflammation, Steroid Secretion, and Body Composition |
title_sort |
bipolar spectrum disorders in male youth: the interplay between symptom severity, inflammation, steroid secretion, and body composition |
publisher |
Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-231804 http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-231804 http://www.qucosa.de/fileadmin/data/qucosa/documents/23180/fpsyt-08-00207.pdf |
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