Biomassa microbiana do solo na Amaz?nia, Mata Atl?ntica e Ant?rtica

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Main Author:	Loureiro, Diego Campana
Other Authors:	De-Polli, Helv?cio
Format:	Others
Language:	Portuguese
Published:	Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro 2017
Subjects:	metabolic quotient microbial quotient and principal component analysis Quociente metab?lico quociente microbiano an?lise de componentes principais Ci?ncias Agr?rias
Online Access:	https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1592

id	ndltd-IBICT-oai-localhost-jspui-1592
record_format	oai_dc
collection	NDLTD
language	Portuguese
format	Others
sources	NDLTD
topic	metabolic quotient microbial quotient and principal component analysis Quociente metab?lico quociente microbiano an?lise de componentes principais Ci?ncias Agr?rias
spellingShingle	metabolic quotient microbial quotient and principal component analysis Quociente metab?lico quociente microbiano an?lise de componentes principais Ci?ncias Agr?rias Loureiro, Diego Campana Biomassa microbiana do solo na Amaz?nia, Mata Atl?ntica e Ant?rtica
description	Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-05T13:43:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Diego Campana Loureiro.pdf: 6292509 bytes, checksum: 5485d752378d7d1a430cdb431c98ed44 (MD5) === Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-05T13:43:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Diego Campana Loureiro.pdf: 6292509 bytes, checksum: 5485d752378d7d1a430cdb431c98ed44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-22 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES === The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the plant management and soil vegetation cover in the microbial biomass and labile soil organic matter (SOM) levels, with the possibility of prediction about the fate of soil organic carbon in the Atlantic Forest biome. We studied different crop areas under organic cultivation of vegetables (intensive cultivation, minimum tillage and crop rotation), grazing areas of Paspalum notatum (PAS); remaining fragments of Atlantic Forest (RMA), and degraded soil areas (ADR). Three composite soil samples were collected in each area to a depth of 0-10 cm in a Red Yellow Podzolic soil. In each sample we determined the levels of C and N associated with the SMB, labile C, labile N, free light fraction and intra-aggregate SOM, microbial respiration, microbial quotient and metabolic quotient. It was also determined mineral fractions as sand, silt, and clay, gravimetric moisture content, as well as the chemical attributes (Ca2+, Mg2+, P2O5, K+, organic C, total N, Al3+, CEC and pH in water). The pasture area had the highest accumulation of carbon in the soil microbial biomass (SMB) with 384 mg C kg-1 soil, about 35% above the level seen in the remaining Atlantic Forest fragments, which was attributed to the intense development and cycling of the root system of grasses in the upper soil layer, a horizon with higher concentration of microorganisms. About 2% of total organic C is stored in the SMB in pasture areas. The introduction of agricultural practices in farming system considerably affected the levels of SMB, showing reduction average of 30% compared to the remaining forest fragments. The metabolic quotient (qCO2) indicated losses of soil C for the managed areas with crops, and among the different systems of agriculture, greater losses of C were observed in areas managed with short cycle crops, with frequent use of plowing and harrowing, prompting the search for management systems that minimize soil disturbance and prioritize the maintenance of vegetation cover. The degraded soil area was the environment that contributed the most to the separation of the multivariate groups, showing the area of higher differences for the microbial activity and SOM levels. The attributes with higher importance in the multivariate grouping were clay content and the microbial C/N ratio showing the significance of the use of SMB and soil texture attributes in distinguishing between different crop management systems and soil vegetation cover, showing the prediction potential for the fate of soil organic carbon. === O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a influ?ncia do manejo fitot?cnico e da cobertura vegetal do solo na biomassa microbiana e fra??es l?beis da mat?ria org?nica do solo (MOS), com a possibilidade de progn?stico sobre o destino do carbono org?nico do solo em um sistema integrado de produ??o agroecol?gica. Foram estudadas diferentes ?reas de lavoura sob cultivo org?nico de hortali?as (cultivo intensivo, cultivo m?nimo e cultivo rotacionado); ?reas de pastagens de Paspalum notatum (PAS); remanescentes florestais da Mata Atl?ntica (RMA); e ?reas degradadas (ADR). Tr?s amostras compostas de solo foram coletadas em cada ?rea a uma profundidade de 0-10 cm em Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo. Em cada amostra determinou-se os teores de C e N associados ? BMS, C e N l?beis, fra??o leve livre e intra-agregado da MOS, respira??o microbiana, quociente microbiano e quociente metab?lico. Determinaram-se tamb?m as fra??es granulom?tricas areia, silte, argila, umidade gravim?trica, bem como os atributos qu?micos (Ca2+, Mg2+, P2O5, K+, C org?nico, N total, Al3+, CTC e pH em ?gua). A ?rea de pastagem apresentou o maior ac?mulo de carbono da biomassa microbiana do solo (BMS), com 384 mg C kg-1 solo, cerca de 35 % acima dos valores observados nos remanescentes florestais da Mata Atl?ntica, o que foi atribu?do ao intenso desenvolvimento e ciclagem do sistema radicular das gram?neas forrageiras na camada superior do solo, regi?o que ocorre maior concentra??o de microrganismos. Cerca de 2 % do total de Corg org?nico est? estocado na BMS nas ?reas de pastagens. A introdu??o de pr?ticas agr?colas no sistema de lavoura afetou consideravelmente os teores de BMS-C, apresentando redu??o m?dia de 30% com rela??o aos remanescentes florestais. O quociente metab?lico (qCO2) indicou perdas de C do solo para as ?reas manejadas com culturas agr?colas, e dentre os diferentes sistemas de cultivo agr?cola, maiores perdas de C foram observados nas ?reas manejadas com culturas de ciclo curto, com uso freq?ente de ara??o e gradagem, alertando para a procura de sistemas de manejo que minimizem o revolvimento do solo e priorizem a manuten??o da cobertura vegetal. A ?rea degradada foi o ambiente que mais contribuiu para a separa??o dos grupos de an?lise multivariada, mostrando ser a ?rea mais discrepante em rela??o ? atividade microbiana e teores de MOS. As vari?veis com maior peso na forma??o dos agrupamentos foram o teor de argila e a rela??o C/N microbiana, mostrando a import?ncia do uso da BMS e atributos granulom?tricos do solo na distin??o de diferentes sistemas de manejo fitot?cnico e cobertura vegetal do solo, ampliando a possibilidade de progn?stico sobre o destino do carbono org?nico do solo.
author2	De-Polli, Helv?cio
author_facet	De-Polli, Helv?cio Loureiro, Diego Campana
author	Loureiro, Diego Campana
author_sort	Loureiro, Diego Campana
title	Biomassa microbiana do solo na Amaz?nia, Mata Atl?ntica e Ant?rtica
title_short	Biomassa microbiana do solo na Amaz?nia, Mata Atl?ntica e Ant?rtica
title_full	Biomassa microbiana do solo na Amaz?nia, Mata Atl?ntica e Ant?rtica
title_fullStr	Biomassa microbiana do solo na Amaz?nia, Mata Atl?ntica e Ant?rtica
title_full_unstemmed	Biomassa microbiana do solo na Amaz?nia, Mata Atl?ntica e Ant?rtica
title_sort	biomassa microbiana do solo na amaz?nia, mata atl?ntica e ant?rtica
publisher	Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
publishDate	2017
url	https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1592
work_keys_str_mv	AT loureirodiegocampana biomassamicrobianadosolonaamazniamataatlnticaeantrtica AT loureirodiegocampana soilmicrobialbiomassintheamazonatlanticforestandantarctica
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spelling	ndltd-IBICT-oai-localhost-jspui-15922019-01-22T00:49:09Z Biomassa microbiana do solo na Amaz?nia, Mata Atl?ntica e Ant?rtica Soil Microbial Biomass in the Amazon, Atlantic Forest and Antarctica Loureiro, Diego Campana De-Polli, Helv?cio Ceddia, Marcos Bacis Ribeiro, Raul de Lucena Duarte Berbara, Ricardo Luis Louro Aquino, Adriana Maria de Simas, Felipe Nogueira Bello metabolic quotient microbial quotient and principal component analysis Quociente metab?lico quociente microbiano an?lise de componentes principais Ci?ncias Agr?rias Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-05T13:43:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Diego Campana Loureiro.pdf: 6292509 bytes, checksum: 5485d752378d7d1a430cdb431c98ed44 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-05T13:43:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Diego Campana Loureiro.pdf: 6292509 bytes, checksum: 5485d752378d7d1a430cdb431c98ed44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-22 Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the plant management and soil vegetation cover in the microbial biomass and labile soil organic matter (SOM) levels, with the possibility of prediction about the fate of soil organic carbon in the Atlantic Forest biome. We studied different crop areas under organic cultivation of vegetables (intensive cultivation, minimum tillage and crop rotation), grazing areas of Paspalum notatum (PAS); remaining fragments of Atlantic Forest (RMA), and degraded soil areas (ADR). Three composite soil samples were collected in each area to a depth of 0-10 cm in a Red Yellow Podzolic soil. In each sample we determined the levels of C and N associated with the SMB, labile C, labile N, free light fraction and intra-aggregate SOM, microbial respiration, microbial quotient and metabolic quotient. It was also determined mineral fractions as sand, silt, and clay, gravimetric moisture content, as well as the chemical attributes (Ca2+, Mg2+, P2O5, K+, organic C, total N, Al3+, CEC and pH in water). The pasture area had the highest accumulation of carbon in the soil microbial biomass (SMB) with 384 mg C kg-1 soil, about 35% above the level seen in the remaining Atlantic Forest fragments, which was attributed to the intense development and cycling of the root system of grasses in the upper soil layer, a horizon with higher concentration of microorganisms. About 2% of total organic C is stored in the SMB in pasture areas. The introduction of agricultural practices in farming system considerably affected the levels of SMB, showing reduction average of 30% compared to the remaining forest fragments. The metabolic quotient (qCO2) indicated losses of soil C for the managed areas with crops, and among the different systems of agriculture, greater losses of C were observed in areas managed with short cycle crops, with frequent use of plowing and harrowing, prompting the search for management systems that minimize soil disturbance and prioritize the maintenance of vegetation cover. The degraded soil area was the environment that contributed the most to the separation of the multivariate groups, showing the area of higher differences for the microbial activity and SOM levels. The attributes with higher importance in the multivariate grouping were clay content and the microbial C/N ratio showing the significance of the use of SMB and soil texture attributes in distinguishing between different crop management systems and soil vegetation cover, showing the prediction potential for the fate of soil organic carbon. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a influ?ncia do manejo fitot?cnico e da cobertura vegetal do solo na biomassa microbiana e fra??es l?beis da mat?ria org?nica do solo (MOS), com a possibilidade de progn?stico sobre o destino do carbono org?nico do solo em um sistema integrado de produ??o agroecol?gica. Foram estudadas diferentes ?reas de lavoura sob cultivo org?nico de hortali?as (cultivo intensivo, cultivo m?nimo e cultivo rotacionado); ?reas de pastagens de Paspalum notatum (PAS); remanescentes florestais da Mata Atl?ntica (RMA); e ?reas degradadas (ADR). Tr?s amostras compostas de solo foram coletadas em cada ?rea a uma profundidade de 0-10 cm em Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo. Em cada amostra determinou-se os teores de C e N associados ? BMS, C e N l?beis, fra??o leve livre e intra-agregado da MOS, respira??o microbiana, quociente microbiano e quociente metab?lico. Determinaram-se tamb?m as fra??es granulom?tricas areia, silte, argila, umidade gravim?trica, bem como os atributos qu?micos (Ca2+, Mg2+, P2O5, K+, C org?nico, N total, Al3+, CTC e pH em ?gua). A ?rea de pastagem apresentou o maior ac?mulo de carbono da biomassa microbiana do solo (BMS), com 384 mg C kg-1 solo, cerca de 35 % acima dos valores observados nos remanescentes florestais da Mata Atl?ntica, o que foi atribu?do ao intenso desenvolvimento e ciclagem do sistema radicular das gram?neas forrageiras na camada superior do solo, regi?o que ocorre maior concentra??o de microrganismos. Cerca de 2 % do total de Corg org?nico est? estocado na BMS nas ?reas de pastagens. A introdu??o de pr?ticas agr?colas no sistema de lavoura afetou consideravelmente os teores de BMS-C, apresentando redu??o m?dia de 30% com rela??o aos remanescentes florestais. O quociente metab?lico (qCO2) indicou perdas de C do solo para as ?reas manejadas com culturas agr?colas, e dentre os diferentes sistemas de cultivo agr?cola, maiores perdas de C foram observados nas ?reas manejadas com culturas de ciclo curto, com uso freq?ente de ara??o e gradagem, alertando para a procura de sistemas de manejo que minimizem o revolvimento do solo e priorizem a manuten??o da cobertura vegetal. A ?rea degradada foi o ambiente que mais contribuiu para a separa??o dos grupos de an?lise multivariada, mostrando ser a ?rea mais discrepante em rela??o ? atividade microbiana e teores de MOS. As vari?veis com maior peso na forma??o dos agrupamentos foram o teor de argila e a rela??o C/N microbiana, mostrando a import?ncia do uso da BMS e atributos granulom?tricos do solo na distin??o de diferentes sistemas de manejo fitot?cnico e cobertura vegetal do solo, ampliando a possibilidade de progn?stico sobre o destino do carbono org?nico do solo. 2017-05-05T13:43:03Z 2012-03-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Loureiro, Diego Campana. Biomassa microbiana do solo na Amaz?nia, Mata Atl?ntica e Ant?rtica. 2012. [97 f.]. Tese( PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM FITOTECNIA) - Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, [Serop?dica-RJ] . https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1592 por 9 REFER?NCIAS BIBLIOGR?FICAS ADINSOFT. 2004. XLSTAT-PLS 1.8. Statistical software to MS Excel. AJTAY, G.L., KETNER, P., DUVIGNEAUD, P. Terrestrial primary production and phytomass. In: Bolin, B., Degens, E.T., Kempe, S., Ketner, P. (Eds.), The Global Carbon Cycle. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 1979. 129?181p. ALBUQUERQUE FILHO, M. R. SCHAEFER, C. E. G. R.; SIMAS, F. N. B.; COSTA, L. M. DIAS, J. R.; PEREIRA, V. V.; COELHO, L. M. Caracter?sticas F?sicas e Qu?micas de Solos sobre Rochas Vulc?nicas na Pen?nsula Keller, Ant?rtica Mar?tima, Vi?osa, 2004. 27-34p. ALMEIDA, D. L. de; RIBEIRO, R. L. D.; GUERRA, J. G. M. Sistema de Produ??o Agroecol?gico (?Fazendinha? Agroecol?gica KM 47). Agricultura Ecol?gica. 2a Simp?sio de Agricultura Org?nica e 1a Encontro de Agricultura Org?nica; Edmilson Ambrosano (coord.).- Gua?ba: Agropecu?ria, 1999. 398p. ALVES, B. J. R.; SANTOS, J. C. F.; URQUIAGA, S.; BODDEY, R. M. M?todos de determina??o do nitrog?nio em solo e planta. In: HUNGRIA, M.; ARA?JO, R. S. (Ed.). Manual de m?todos empregados em estudos de microbiologia agr?cola. Bras?lia, DF: EMBRAPA-SPI, 1994. p. 449-469. (EMBRAPA-CNPAF. Documentos, 46). ANDERSON, J. P. E.; DOMSCH, K. H. 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Biomassa microbiana do solo na Amaz?nia, Mata Atl?ntica e Ant?rtica

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