Variabilidade gen?tica e rea??o a doen?as em acessos de Capsicum baccatum

• Main Author: MARTINEZ, Aur?lio Ludovico de Almeida
• Other Authors: Ara?jo, Jo?o Sebasti?o de Paula
• Format: Others
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro 2017
• Subjects: Genetic resource; Genebank; Pepper; Molecular markers; Recursos gen?ticos; Cole??o de germoplasma; Pimenta; Marcadores moleculares; Produ??o Vegetal
• Online Access: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1986

Submitted by Jorge Silva ([e-mail]) on 2017-08-22T19:16:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Aur?lio Ludovico de Almeida Martinez.pdf: 2604129 bytes, checksum: d6ebe0ec048ae2a4b877b584b5f65e6f (MD5) === Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-22T19:16:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Aur?lio Ludovico de Almeida Martinez.pdf: 2604129 bytes, checksum: d6ebe0ec048ae2a4b877b584b5f65e6f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-28 === CAPES === Originating from Americas, with Brazil as an important center of diversity, Capsicum occupies an important position among greenery. This study aimed to 1) to assess the genetic similarity and presence of duplicates; 2) to evaluate the resistance to anthracnose disease 3) screening viruses resistance in Capsicum baccatum accessions from Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Ceres genebank. The genetic similarity was determined by molecular characterization at Embrapa Recursos Gen?ticos e Biotecnologia through RAPD and ISSR markers and morphological descriptors defined for Capsicum spp. According to the molecular and morphological characterization it was confirm the genetic diversity among C. baccatum accessions and the lack of duplicates. The anthracnose resistance was evaluated at 50 and 120 days after the dispersion of pepper powder prepared from infected peppers, considering incidence (presence or absence of lesions in fruits) and disease severity (surface damage percentage to the surface total of fruit) through images processing of diseased fruits. The essay was carried out under field conditions, using augmented randomized complete block design with fifteen plants per plot and three commercial varieties as control. Significant difference was observed especially in disease severity between treatments in both periods observed. The viruses incidence was evaluated in two field experiments in the periods between June-December 2012 and January-June 2013. DAS-ELISA test was performed with absorbance reading at 405 nm on a plate reader, all symptomatic and four asymptomatic plants in all plots was sampled, at 180 days after transplanting in the first experiment, and 160 days after transplanting in second one. The Viruses evaluated were tobamovirus Pepper mild motle virus (PMMoV), the cucumovirus Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), the tospovirus Groundnut ring spot virus (GRSV), Tomato spot wilt virus (TSWV) and Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV) and potyvirus Potato virus Y (PVY) and Pepper yellow mosaic virus (PepYMV). The percentage of incidence in the first and second period evaluated, were 30% e 7% PMMoV, 6% e 27% CMV, 8% e 12% PVY, 25% e 22% PepYMV, 10% e 2% GRSV, 11% e 0% TCSV, 0% e 11% TSWV. Virus were not detected several accessions studied and are potential sources of virus resistance that should be confirmed on resistance testing under controlled conditions. === Origin?rias das Am?ricas e tendo o Brasil como importante centro de diversidade, as pimentas do g?nero Capsicum ocupam posi??o de destaque entre as hortali?as. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos: 1) verificar a similaridade gen?tica e a presen?a de duplicatas; 2) avaliar a resist?ncia ? Colletotrichum spp.; e 3) avaliar a incid?ncia de viroses em acessos de Capsicum baccatum da cole??o de germoplasma do Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Ceres. A similaridade gen?tica foi determinada pela caracteriza??o molecular realizada na Embrapa Recursos Gen?ticos e Biotecnologia, por meio de marcadores ISSR e RAPD e descritores morfol?gicos definidos para Capsicum spp. De acordo com a caracteriza??o molecular e morfol?gica p?de-se verificar diversidade gen?tica entre os acessos C. baccatum e a inexist?ncia de duplicatas na cole??o. A resist?ncia ? antracnose foi avaliada aos 50 e 120 dias ap?s a dispers?o de p? de pimenta preparado a partir de frutos infectados, considerando incid?ncia (presen?a e aus?ncia de les?es no fruto) e severidade de doen?a (percentual de superf?cie de les?o em rela??o ? superf?cie total do fruto), a partir do processamento de imagens dos frutos doentes. A avalia??o foi realizada em condi??es de campo, utilizando desenho experimental em blocos completos casualizados aumentados com quinze plantas por parcela e tr?s variedades comerciais como testemunhas. Foi observada diferen?a significativa entre os tratamentos, especialmente na severidade da doen?a, nos dois per?odos observados. A incid?ncia de viroses foi avaliada em dois experimentos conduzidos em campo, nos per?odos entre junho a dezembro 2012 e janeiro a junho de 2013. Foi realizado teste DAS-Elisa, com leitura de absorb?ncia a 405 nm em leitora de placas, em amostras das plantas sintom?ticas e quatro plantas assintom?ticas em todas as parcelas. Os v?rus avaliados foram o tobamovirus Pepper mild motle virus (PMMoV), o cucumovirus Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), os tospovirus Groundnut ring spot virus (GRSV), Tomato spot wilt virus (TSWV) e Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV) e os potyvirus Potato virus Y (PVY) e Pepper yelow mosaic virus (PepYMV). No per?odo de junho a dezembro de 2012, os v?rus detectados e respectivo percentual de incid?ncia foram PMMoV 30%, CMV 6%, PVY 8%, PepYMV 25%, GRSV 10%, TCSV 11%, TSWV 0%. J? no per?odo de janeiro a junho de 2013, o percentual de incid?ncia dos respectivos v?rus foram: PMMoV 7%, CMV 27%, PVY 12%, PepYMV 22%, GRSV 2%, TCSV 0% e TSWV 11%. Para todos os v?rus estudados, houveram acessos nos quais n?o foi detectada a presen?a do v?rus, com destaque para IFET 64 (n?o detectado PMMoV, CMV, PepYMV e PVY), IFET 273, (n?o detectados PMMoV, PVY, TSWV, TCSV e GRSV, IFET 19 (n?o detectado CMV, PVY, TSWV, TCSV e GRSV).