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Previous issue date: 2015-02-04 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES === A contamina??o dos ambientes aqu?ticos ? um fen?meno que remonta ?s origens das
civiliza??es humanas e foi amplificado pelo advento dos processos industriais. A cidade de
Maca?ba/RN/Brasil tem como principal corpo h?drico o rio Jundia? que sofre descarga de
efluentes de diversas ind?strias. O estudo se bifurcou numa frente de percep??o
socioambiental, realizado por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas cujo efluente t?xtil foi
apontado pela popula??o como o principal problema no rio. Observou-se que quase a
totalidade dos entrevistados apresentava preocupa??o com o meio ambiente. Al?m disso, h?
uma inclus?o dos indiv?duos como parte causadora da problem?tica, pois uma parte
significativa reconhece que suas atividades podem causar preju?zos ao ambiente e ? sa?de da
popula??o. A partir disto, o monitoramento experimental da qualidade de ?gua foi conduzido
por meio de analises f?sicas e qu?micas e ensaios ecotoxicol?gicos que se propuseram a
avaliar em Pomacea lineata e em Mysidopsis juniae o efeito isolado do efluente t?xtil e sua
influ?ncia no rio em compara??o com os limites estabelecidos pela legisla??o brasileira.
Apesar das analises f?sicas e qu?micas demonstrarem-se inconclusivas acerca da participa??o
do efluente t?xtil na contamina??o ambiental do rio, os ensaios ecotoxicol?gicos
demonstraram-se contundentes ao sinalizar que o efluente pode apresentar risco aos
organismos aqu?ticos e consequentemente ? sa?de humana. Assim, por meio de uma
abordagem interdisciplinar foi poss?vel estudar a causa do problema socioambiental apontado
pela popula??o na fase de percep??o e o efeito mensur?vel com an?lises de qualidade de ?gua
no rio por meios dos ensaios mencionados. === The contamination of aquatic environments is a phenomenon that dates back the origins of
human civilizations and was amplified by the advent of industrial processes. The Jundia? river
, Maca?ba's main water source, suffering discharge of effluents from various industries. The
study work?s in two fronts, the environmental perception front was conducted through semistructured
interviews whose textile effluent was appointed by the population as the main
problem in the river. It was observed that nearly all respondents had concerns about the
environment. In addition, there is an inclusion of individuals as the cause of the problem,
because a significant part recognizes that its activities may cause damage to the environment
and people's health. In other front, the experimental monitoring of water quality was
conducted through ecotoxicological tests and physiochemical analysis that proposed to assess
Pomacea lineata .Mysidopsis juniae isolated effect of textile effluent and its influence on the
river compared with the limits established by Brazilian law. Although the physio-chemical
analysis shows is inconclusive about the participation of the textile effluent in environmental
contamination of the river, the ecotoxicological tests have shown to blunt the signal that the
effluent may present a risk to aquatic organisms and consequently to human health. Thus, an
interdisciplinary way it was possible to study the cause of the environmental problem
identified by the population in the realization phase and measurable effect on water quality
analysis in the river by means of the tests mentioned.
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