Desenvolvimento de marcadores microssat?lites e estrutura gen?tica espacial da Copernicia prunifera (Miller) H. E. Moore (Arecaceae)

• Main Author: Pinheiro, Luciana Gomes
• Other Authors: 01196769664
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte 2016
• Subjects: CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA: CI?NCIAS FLORESTAIS; Carna?ba; Marcadores moleculares; Padr?o espacial
• Online Access: http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/20744

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica ([e-mail]) on 2016-06-15T19:08:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LucianaGomesPinheiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1037688 bytes, checksum: b115230733d95dcc8f34deccfa475cd2 (MD5) === Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva ([e-mail]) on 2016-06-20T20:55:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LucianaGomesPinheiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1037688 bytes, checksum: b115230733d95dcc8f34deccfa475cd2 (MD5) === Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-20T20:55:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucianaGomesPinheiro_DISSERT.pdf: 1037688 bytes, checksum: b115230733d95dcc8f34deccfa475cd2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-14 === O estudo visou (1) desenvolver marcadores microssat?lites (SSR) para Copernicia prunifera, e (2) caracterizar o padr?o demogr?fico e a estrutura gen?tica espacial (EGE) entre est?gios de vida por meio de iniciadores ISSR. Foram desenvolvidos 17 pares de iniciadores SSR. A estrutura demogr?fica e EGE foram avaliadas em uma parcela com ?rea de 0,55 ha em ?rea natural, onde todos os indiv?duos foram georreferenciados (n = 161). As an?lises moleculares dos SSR indicaram que todos os pares de iniciadores constru?dos, quando submetidos ? PCR, amplificaram. Estes apresentaram tamanhos de pares de bases variando entre 113 e 250 bp. As an?lises demogr?ficas mostraram padr?o de distribui??o espacial agregado nas primeiras classes de dist?ncia, aleat?rio entre 40 e 50 m e segregado em dist?ncias superiores. Dos 30 marcadores ISSR testados, oito foram selecionados gerando um total de 102 locos, sendo 100 polim?rficos. Entre os tr?s est?gios, os jovens apresentaram maior ?ndice de diversidade gen?tica de Nei (He = 0,37), j? o menor ?ndice foi observado nos adultos reprodutivos (He = 0,34). Os resultados da AMOVA mostraram maior diferencia??o gen?tica dentro dos est?gios de desenvolvimento (98,61%) do que entre os est?gios (1,39%). A popula??o total apresentou rela??o positiva e significativa de parentesco na primeira classe de dist?ncia (12,3 m). Os jovens apresentaram parentesco significativo at? 10,5 m e negativa na quinta classe de dist?ncia (37,6 m). Os adultos n?o reprodutivos tiveram rela??o positiva de parentesco na primeira classe de dist?ncia (10,9 m) e distribui??o aleat?ria dos gen?tipos nas demais classes. Os adultos reprodutivos apresentaram gen?tipos espacialmente aleat?rios. Os valores para os testes de gargalo gen?tico demonstraram que o n?mero de locos com excesso de heterozigosidade observado foi maior que o esperado. Os resultados da EGE refletem a dispers?o restrita da esp?cie e os testes de gargalo a redu??o de gen?tipos provocados pela antropiza??o dos ambientes naturais de C. prunifera. === The present study aimed to develop microsatellite markers (SSR) for Copernicia prunifera; and characterize the demographic pattern and the spatial genetic structure (SGS) in different development stages of C. prunifera in a natural population of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) by using ISSR molecular markers. 17 SSR primers pairs were developed, which were tested by using DNA from samples of different populations. The demographic and genetic spatial structure was assessed in a plot with an area of 0.55 ha, where all individuals were georeferenced. The molecular analyses with the use of microsatellite markers pointed out that all built primers pairs, when submitted to PCR, had amplification. They showed sizes of base pairs ranging between 113 and 250 bp. The demographic analyses showed a clustered standard of spatial distribution in the first distance classes, random between 40 and 50 m and segregated in higher distances. Eight ISSR primers were used, thereby producing a total of 102 loci, with 100 of them being polymorphic. Among the three stages, the young showed the highest Nei?s genetic diversity index (He = 0.37); whilst the lowest index was found in the reproductive adults (He = 0.34). The AMOVA results showed a greater genetic differentiation within the development stages (98.61%) in comparison to the interval among the stages (1.39%). The total population (n = 161) showed a positive and significant relationship of kinship in the first distance class (12.3 m). The young showed a significant kinship up to 10.5 m and negative in the fifth distance class (37.6 m). The non-reproductive adults had a positive relationship of kinship in the first distance class (11.0 m) and random distribution of genotypes in the remaining classes. The reproductive adults showed genotypes spatially distributed in a random way. The values for the genetic bottleneck tests proved that the number of loci with excess observed heterozygosity was greater than expected. The SGS results reflect the restricted dispersion of the species, and the bottleneck tests reflect the reduction genotypes provoked by the anthropization of natural environments of C. prunifera.