Caracteriza??o do ar ambiente de minas subterr?neas de carv?o da Jazida Sul Catarinense

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Bonetti, Beatriz
Other Authors: Pires, Mar?al Jos? Rodrigues
Format: Others
Language:Portuguese
Published: Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul 2017
Subjects:
Online Access:http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7426
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Summary:Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T13:35:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_BEATRIZ_BONETTI_COMPLETO.pdf: 1879169 bytes, checksum: 59a4857ebb668108b324f2ae0e564e07 (MD5) === Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T13:35:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_BEATRIZ_BONETTI_COMPLETO.pdf: 1879169 bytes, checksum: 59a4857ebb668108b324f2ae0e564e07 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-28 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES === A characterization of the air in underground coal mines is important because it allows the issues focused on safety at work and the environment. The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) along the ventilation system of three underground coal mines (Minas A, B and C) located in Jazida Sul Catarinense in the South CH4 is an asphyxiant and flammable gas that needs to be monitored because of its explosive risk. CO2 is a choking gas and should, like CH4, be monitored. Both are greenhouse gases (GHG). For sampling and subsequent characterization of the gases, chromatographic methods were tested and collectors were validated. The results indicated that, for storage of air samples from the mines, borosilicate bottles with butyl rubber septa and PTFE / Silicone protective cap (AV_BR) performed better. The two chromatographic methods studied the analysis of gases, each with its restrictions. The highest concentrations of CH4 (1.8%) are in areas of strong gas emanation at Mine A, below the explosive limit (5%). Therefore, exposure limits (3,900 ppm and 5,000 ppm) for CO2 were exceeded (6,086 ppm) in the emanation areas, indicating a need to increase the level of ventilation at these sites. (Mine A) as varied estimates of 173 t CH4 / year (Method 3) at 3,984 t CH4 / year (Method 1). The application of the alternative methodology (Method 3) allowed a pioneer estimation of direct CO2 emissions, indicating contributions of 27 to 77% for total GHG emissions for mines studied. Therefore, it should be emphasized that the results obtained in this study are an attempt to improve these estimates. However, to improve the accuracy of inventories, more sampling should be done covering all mines in operation in the country. === A caracteriza??o do ar em minas subterr?neas de carv?o ? importante pois, permite avaliar quest?es voltadas a seguran?a de trabalho e ao meio ambiente. O presente estudo tem como objetivo determinar as concentra??es de metano (CH4) e di?xido de Carbono (CO2) ao longo do sistema de ventila??o de tr?s minas subterr?neas de carv?o (Minas A, B e C), localizadas na Jazida Sul Catarinense, no Sul do Brasil. O CH4 ? um g?s asfixiante e inflam?vel cuja concentra??o deve ser monitorada devido a seu risco de explosividade. O CO2, ? um g?s asfixiante e deve, assim como o CH4, ser monitorado. Ambos os gases s?o considerados gases de efeito estufa (GEE). Para a amostragem e posteriormente caracteriza??o dos gases, m?todos cromatogr?ficos foram testados e coletores foram validados. Os resultados indicaram que, para a estocagem das amostras de ar das minas, os frascos de borosilicato com septos de borracha but?lica e capa protetora de PTFE/Silicone (AV_BR) tiveram melhor desempenho. Os dois m?todos cromatogr?ficos estudados permitem a an?lise dos gases, cada qual com suas restri??es. As maiores concentra??es de CH4 (1,8%) encontram-se em ?reas de forte emana??o desse g?s na Mina A, abaixo do limite de explosividade (5%). Por outro lado, os limites de exposi??o (3.900 ppm e 5.000 ppm) para o CO2 foram ultrapassados (6.086 ppm) nas ?reas de emana??o, indicando a necessidade de aumento do n?vel de ventila??o nestes locais. Na mina que apresenta maiores emiss?es (mina A) as estimativas variaram de 173 t CH4 /ano (M?todo 3) a 3.984 t CH4 /ano (M?todo 1). A aplica??o da metodologia alternativa (M?todo 3) permitiu a estimativa pioneira de emiss?es diretas de CO2 indicando contribui??es de 27 a 77% para as emiss?es totais dos GEE pelas minas estudadas. Sendo assim, cabe ressaltar que os resultados obtidos nesse estudo s?o uma tentativa de aprimorar essas estimativas. Por?m, para melhorar a precis?o dos invent?rios, um maior n?mero de amostragens deve ser feito abrangendo todas as minas em opera??o no pa?s.