Sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic factors associated with maxillofacial fractures in a Brazilian population: cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital

• Main Author: Carlos Diego Lopes SÃ
• Other Authors: Fabio Wildson Gurgel Costa
• Format: Others
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal do Cearà 2016
• Subjects: CIRURGIA BUCO-MAXILO-FACIAL
• Online Access: http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16357

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior === Objective: Trauma is recognized as a worldwide public health issue with maxillofacial fractures being commonly seen in the most vulnerable populations of undeveloped countries. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the epidemiological profile of oral and maxillofacial trauma patients of a tertiary hospital in the northeast region of Brazil from 2006 to 2015. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted and the data obtained from the patients records were grouped into independent variables (socio-demographic, etiological and therapeutic data) and outcome variables (fracture occurrence). Results: A total 338 patients were identified, most of them male (p<0,001), aged between 21 to 30 years (p<0,001), bearing mainly single fractures (p<0,001) and not wearing safety devices (p<0,001). No statically significant difference was seen related with the geographical place of origin (p=0,644), but motorcycle accidents was significant (p<0,001). Mandibular and orbital-zygomatic complex fractures were prevalent (p<0,001), specifically mandibular angle fractures (p<0,001). The following were also prevalent: open surgical treatment (p<0,001), in the first 14 days following the trauma, by means of an intra-oral approach (p<0,001) and nasotracheal intubation (p<0,001). Conclusion: maxillofacial fractures were significantly associated with socio-demographic, etiological and therapeutic factors. === O trauma à reconhecido como um importante problema de saÃde pÃblica mundial, estando as fraturas maxilofaciais comumente associadas a populaÃÃes vulnerÃveis de paÃses em desenvolvimento. Dessa forma, o presente estudo objetivou determinar o perfil epidemiolÃgico dos pacientes com trauma bucomaxilofacial em um hospital terciÃrio do nordeste brasileiro no perÃodo de 2006 a 2015. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo com prontuÃrios hospitalares, e os dados foram agrupados em variÃveis independentes (dados sociodemogrÃficos, etiolÃgicos e terapÃuticos) e variÃveis de desfecho (ocorrÃncia de fratura). Foram identificados 338 pacientes, com maioria do sexo masculino (p<0,001), idade entre 21-30 anos (p<0,001), portando principalmente fratura Ãnica (p<0,001) e relacionados ao nÃo uso de itens de seguranÃa (p<0,001). NÃo houve diferenÃa estatisticamente significativa com relaÃÃo à procedÃncia (p=0,644), mas houve significÃncia de acidentes motociclÃsticos (p<0,001). Prevaleceram fraturas de mandÃbula e de complexo zigomÃtico-orbital (p<0,001), notadamente as fraturas de Ãngulo mandibular (p<0,001). Foram estatisticamente significativos o tratamento cirÃrgico aberto (p<0,001), em atà 14 dias apÃs o trauma, atravÃs de acesso intraoral (p<0,001), utilizando entubaÃÃo nasotraqueal (p<0,001). Considerando os resultados do presente estudo, conclui-se que as fraturas maxilofaciais associaram-se significantemente com fatores sociodemogrÃficos, etiolÃgicos e terapÃuticos na amostra estudada.