Study of composition and stability in emulsions made from vegetable oil lubricants

• Main Author: Kelly Cristina dos Santos Teixeira
• Other Authors: Celio Loureiro Cavalcante JÃnior
• Format: Others
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal do Cearà 2008
• Subjects: biolubrificantes; biosurfactantes; surfactantes; Emulsion; biolubricants; surfactants; cutting fluids; phases diagrams; ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
• Online Access: http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2593

AgÃncia Nacional do PetrÃleo === EmulsÃes a base de Ãleos lubrificantes vegetais foram preparadas com intuito de fornecer embasamento cientÃfico para futuras formulaÃÃes de fluidos de corte âemulsionÃveisâ. AtravÃs da construÃÃo de diagramas de fases e utilizando o conceito de BHL, fez-se a escolha do melhor sistema emulsionado, levando-se em consideraÃÃo os aspectos principais relacionados à concentraÃÃo de surfactante, de fase aquosa e fase oleosa. Foram construÃdos diagramas representativos para o sistema blend S40/T80-Ãgua-biolubrificante empregando os valores de BHL (9, 10, 11 e 12). O sistema emulsionado que apresentou a maior regiÃo de emulsÃo estÃvel foi o que empregou o BHL 10. Foi realizado um planejamento experimental do tipo rede âScheffÃâ com o interesse de estabelecer a melhor localizaÃÃo dentro da regiÃo de estabilidade que apresentassem as melhores condiÃÃes para futuras formulaÃÃes de fluidos âemulsionÃveisâ. As variÃveis estudadas foram fraÃÃo mÃssica da fase aquosa, fraÃÃo mÃssica da fase oleosa e fraÃÃo mÃssica de blend surfactante. A resposta analisada foi a viscosidade. Verificou-se que a fraÃÃo mÃssica do blend surfactante apresentou maior efeito sobre a resposta viscosidade em relaÃÃo Ãs outras variÃveis. AtravÃs da anÃlise das curvas de isorespostas, verificou-se que para obter-se emulsÃes a base de biolubrificante com menores valores de viscosidade, as formulaÃÃes devem ser realizadas com percentuais de surfactantes abaixo de 10%, sendo que os percentuais de fase aquosa devem estar no intervalo aproximado de 60% a 75% e os percentuais de fase oleosa devem estar no intervalo aproximado de 20% e 35%. === This dissertation aimed to get new formulation of emulsions from vegetable lubricants (biolubricants) as poliol ester to give scientific base to development of future formulation of cutting fluids. Through the construction of phases diagrams and using the HLB concept, it chose the better emulsion system, had thought the main points like percentage of surfactant blend, percentage of aqueous phase and percentage of oil phase. In the begging was realized a preliminary study to selection the better surfactant blend and better HLB that produced high stability emulsion. The stability was evaluated by the inferior phase size in % and visual aspect. The surfactant blend S40/T80 and the HLBs 9, 10, 11 e 12 produced the better results. It was made diagrams to represent the system surfactant blend S40/T80-biolubricant-water using this HLBs (9, 10, 11 e 12). The system that presented the bigger region of stable emulsion was the system that was made using HLB 10. After this determination, a experimental planning âScheffÃâ net was realized to establish the better localization inside stable region that presented the better conditions to future formulation of cutting fluids. The variables percentage of surfactant blend, percentage of aqueous phase and percentage of oil phase was investigated. Viscosity was a response studied. The percentage of surfactant blend was the most statistically significant response on viscosity. The analysis of iso-responses curves showed that to obtain the emulsion from biolubricants with lower viscosity the formulation should be made with percentage of surfactant below 10%, percentage of aqueous phase between 60% and 75% and percentage of oil phase between 20% and 35%.