Structure and Function of the G Domain of Parkinson's Disease-Associated Protein LRRK2
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) === Mutations in the gene encoding for leucine rich repeats kinase 2 (LRRK2) are commonly found in Parkinson’s disease. Recently, we found that the disease-associated point mutations at residue R1441 in the G domain (ROC) of LRRK2 resulted in...
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ndltd-IUPUI-oai-scholarworks.iupui.edu-1805-206922019-08-31T15:15:59Z Structure and Function of the G Domain of Parkinson's Disease-Associated Protein LRRK2 Wu, Chunxiang Hoang, Quyen Q. Foroud, Tatiana M. Hurley, Thomas D. Johnson, Steven M. Zhang, Zhong-Yin conformational dynamics enzyme activation GTPase leucine rich repeat kinase 2 oligomeric states Parkinson's disease Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) Mutations in the gene encoding for leucine rich repeats kinase 2 (LRRK2) are commonly found in Parkinson’s disease. Recently, we found that the disease-associated point mutations at residue R1441 in the G domain (ROC) of LRRK2 resulted in perturbation of its GTPase activity. In this study, we compare the biochemical and biophysical properties of the ROC domain of LRRK2 carrying the PD-associated mutations at residue R1441 with those of the wild-type. We found that the disease-associated mutations (R1441C/G/H) showed marked quaternary structure compared to wild-type, in that the latter existed in solution in both monomeric and dimeric conformations dynamically regulated by GDP/GTP binding state, while we detected only monomeric conformation for three disease-associated mutants. To understand the structural basis for this plasticity and the activity reduction in the mutants, we solved a 1.6 Å crystal structure of the wild type ROC that shows a stable dimeric conformation in which the switch motifs and inter-switch regions mediate extensive interactions at the dimer interface. Residue R1441, where PD-associated mutations occur, forms exquisite interactions at the interface, thus suggesting a critical role of this residue in maintaining a dynamic dimer-monomer interconversion and conformational flexibility of the switch motifs. Consistently, substituting R1441 for other arbitrary mutations (R1441K/S/T) lead to similar perturbation of GTPase activity and dimerization defects as observed in the disease-associated mutants. Locking the ROC domain in either dimeric or monomeric conformations by engineered disulfide bond alters the binding affinity to GTP (but not GDP) and significantly reduce GTPase activity, thus suggesting that the dynamic dimer-monomer interconversion and conformational plasticity are essential for ROC function as a molecular switch modulating the kinase activity of LRRK2. 2019-08-29T12:28:46Z 2019-08-29T12:28:46Z 2019-08 Dissertation http://hdl.handle.net/1805/20692 en_US |
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conformational dynamics enzyme activation GTPase leucine rich repeat kinase 2 oligomeric states Parkinson's disease |
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conformational dynamics enzyme activation GTPase leucine rich repeat kinase 2 oligomeric states Parkinson's disease Wu, Chunxiang Structure and Function of the G Domain of Parkinson's Disease-Associated Protein LRRK2 |
description |
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) === Mutations in the gene encoding for leucine rich repeats kinase 2 (LRRK2) are commonly found in Parkinson’s disease. Recently, we found that the disease-associated point mutations at residue R1441 in the G domain (ROC) of LRRK2 resulted in perturbation of its GTPase activity. In this study, we compare the biochemical and biophysical properties of the ROC domain of LRRK2 carrying the PD-associated mutations at residue R1441 with those of the wild-type. We found that the disease-associated mutations (R1441C/G/H) showed marked quaternary structure compared to wild-type, in that the latter existed in solution in both monomeric and dimeric conformations dynamically regulated by GDP/GTP binding state, while we detected only monomeric conformation for three disease-associated mutants. To understand the structural basis for this plasticity and the activity reduction in the mutants, we solved a 1.6 Å crystal structure of the wild type ROC that shows a stable dimeric conformation in which the switch motifs and inter-switch regions mediate extensive interactions at the dimer interface. Residue R1441, where PD-associated mutations occur, forms exquisite interactions at the interface, thus suggesting a critical role of this residue in maintaining a dynamic dimer-monomer interconversion and conformational flexibility of the switch motifs. Consistently, substituting R1441 for other arbitrary mutations (R1441K/S/T) lead to similar perturbation of GTPase activity and dimerization defects as observed in the disease-associated mutants. Locking the ROC domain in either dimeric or monomeric conformations by engineered disulfide bond alters the binding affinity to GTP (but not GDP) and significantly reduce GTPase activity, thus suggesting that the dynamic dimer-monomer interconversion and conformational plasticity are essential for ROC function as a molecular switch modulating the kinase activity of LRRK2. |
author2 |
Hoang, Quyen Q. |
author_facet |
Hoang, Quyen Q. Wu, Chunxiang |
author |
Wu, Chunxiang |
author_sort |
Wu, Chunxiang |
title |
Structure and Function of the G Domain of Parkinson's Disease-Associated Protein LRRK2 |
title_short |
Structure and Function of the G Domain of Parkinson's Disease-Associated Protein LRRK2 |
title_full |
Structure and Function of the G Domain of Parkinson's Disease-Associated Protein LRRK2 |
title_fullStr |
Structure and Function of the G Domain of Parkinson's Disease-Associated Protein LRRK2 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Structure and Function of the G Domain of Parkinson's Disease-Associated Protein LRRK2 |
title_sort |
structure and function of the g domain of parkinson's disease-associated protein lrrk2 |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1805/20692 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT wuchunxiang structureandfunctionofthegdomainofparkinsonsdiseaseassociatedproteinlrrk2 |
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1719241886272585728 |