Integrated omics on the physiology of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire)
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The Ohio State University / OhioLINK
2013
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ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-osu13663672122021-08-03T05:22:27Z Integrated omics on the physiology of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) Rajarapu, Swapna Priya Entomology insect-plant interactions wood boring beetle antioxidation detoxification phenolics Coleoptera comprise one of the most frequently intercepted wood feeders because of their abundance and specialization on live and/or dead trees. Within this order, invasive Buprestids (metallic wood boring beetle) have had devastating effects on the forest ecosystems of North America (NA). Emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, is a recently discovered exotic wood boring beetle in NA. It is a native of Northeastern Asia and specializes on ash (Fraxinus spp) trees. Since its discovery in 2002 in Michigan, it has killed millions of ash trees and continues to do so at a rapid pace. Asian/native ash (e.g. F. mandshurica, Manchurian ash) are resistant to A.planipennis attack unless stressed, perhaps by virtue of their co-evolutionary history. Transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic studies on NA and Asian ash species have revealed significant qualitative and quantitative differences. Manchurian ash phloem revealed presence of unique phenolics and significantly higher amounts of defense proteins relative to the NA ashes. During coexistence with plants, herbivorous insects have developed a suite of counter defense mechanisms including avoidance, sequestration, metabolic resistance (antioxidation and detoxification), excretion and target site insensitivity. To date little is known about the metabolic resistance mechanisms in A. planipennis during its interaction with ash. Therefore, the overarching goal of this thesis was to understand the physiological responses of A. planipennis on NA ash and its differential survivability on Asian ash via an integrated omics approach. Chapter 2 deals with standardizing real time quantitative PCR technique to accomplish my further objectives. Chapters 3 &4 of my thesis deals with molecular characterization of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes in tissues and developmental stages of larvae feeding on green ash; chapter 5 deals with the targeted metabolomics of green ash phloem, larval tissues (midgut tissue, midgut content, hindgut-Malpighian tubules) and frass. Lastly, chapter 6 deals with the comparative transcriptomic and metabolomics of A.planipennis larvae feeding on green (NA) and Manchurian (Asian) ash. Real time quantitative PCR was standardized to measure target gene expression levels in A.planipennis (chapter 1). Expression patterns of antioxidant and detoxification genes reflect a plausible role of these genes in dealing with direct and indirect effects of green ash allelochemicals in diet. Alternatively these enzymes might also be participating in other physiological processes (chapter 3 &4). Targeted metabolomics of larvae feeding on green ash phloem indicated that A. planipennis larvae have the ability to metabolize a suite of phenolics present in green ash phloem via biotransformation and/or excretion mechanisms (chapter 5). Further, higher expression of peritrophic membrane synthesis genes coupled with general stress response and the higher total phenolic content in frass of larvae feeding on Manchurian ash suggest the prime mechanism of ash resistance is damaging the peritrophic membrane (chapter 6). Larvae feeding on green ash had higher levels of digestion genes reflecting a normal digestion metabolism relative to larvae feeding on Manchurian ash. Lastly, results from this research shed light on the wood boring beetle physiology and also molecular interactions of A.planipennis with its Asian and North American host. 2013-08-06 English text The Ohio State University / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366367212 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366367212 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws. |
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NDLTD |
| language |
English |
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NDLTD |
| topic |
Entomology insect-plant interactions wood boring beetle antioxidation detoxification phenolics |
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Entomology insect-plant interactions wood boring beetle antioxidation detoxification phenolics Rajarapu, Swapna Priya Integrated omics on the physiology of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) |
| author |
Rajarapu, Swapna Priya |
| author_facet |
Rajarapu, Swapna Priya |
| author_sort |
Rajarapu, Swapna Priya |
| title |
Integrated omics on the physiology of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) |
| title_short |
Integrated omics on the physiology of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) |
| title_full |
Integrated omics on the physiology of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) |
| title_fullStr |
Integrated omics on the physiology of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Integrated omics on the physiology of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) |
| title_sort |
integrated omics on the physiology of emerald ash borer (agrilus planipennis fairmaire) |
| publisher |
The Ohio State University / OhioLINK |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366367212 |
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AT rajarapuswapnapriya integratedomicsonthephysiologyofemeraldashboreragrilusplanipennisfairmaire |
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