Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of a Novel Process for Simultaneous Removal of Heavy Metals and Recovery of FGD Process Water
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University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK
2018
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| Online Access: | http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1535379914445172 |
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ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-ucin15353799144451722021-08-03T07:08:29Z Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of a Novel Process for Simultaneous Removal of Heavy Metals and Recovery of FGD Process Water Patel, Dev Chemical Engineering Forward Osmosis Membrane Distillation FGD Wastewater Treatment Hybrid FO MD Economic Feasibility Toxic Removal The combustion of coal in power generation facilities produces flue gas that is treated to remove SOx emissions, which is accomplished in more than 85% of the U.S. installations using wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems. While these FGD systems are effective in the removal of SOx emissions, wastewater generated using these systems requires further treatment to reduce the concentration of toxic cations to meet dischargeable limits set by the EPA, EPA has established the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) which sets strict discharge limits particularly for arsenic, cadmium, mercury, selenium, and thallium. Therefore, this thesis studied the simultaneous removal of several heavy metal ions and recovery of FGD process water using a novel hybrid membrane process by combining forward osmosis (FO) with membrane distillation (MD).All test were conducted using flat sheet membranes and cross flow membrane cells. Initial stand-alone (batch) tests studied the performance of two FO candidate membrane and five MD candidate membranes. The FO tests revealed improved water flux under higher operating temperatures and concentration of NaCl draw solution. The MD test revealed optimal operating conditions such as feed and distillate flow rates and temperatures. These stand-alone (batch) tests led to the elimination of one FO membrane and two MD membranes from further study due to low water flux. The remaining MD membranes were able to concentrate diluted draw solution (from 2M to 5M NaCl) without any indication of fouling or scaling. Hybridization of FO and MD operations led to the elimination of the two PP membranes due to their lower water flux in comparison to the PTFE membrane. The open-loop and closed-loop continuous hybrid tests utilized simulated FGD wastewater, which showed matching fluxes for FO and MD operations and steady-state temperature differences between the feed and distillate for the MD system. A longer-term open-loop hybrid test using concentrated simulated FGD wastewater consistent with the solute concentrations at 90% water recovery showed matching FO and MD water fluxes without any indication of fouling or scaling. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS) analysis showed rejection rates of 100% for the toxics of interest. A preliminary cost assessment and sensitivity study of the proposed technology was conducted for the intended use in coal power generating plants. These studies indicated that the proposed FO/MD technology was a highly attractive option to recover clean water from FGD wastewater and concentrate toxic metals based on the total cost to treat FGD wastewater and the cost of electricity (COE) increase. As the next step in making this promising new technology a reality, the proposed hybrid FO/MD system needs to be tested on a pilot scale using real FGD wastewater as feed to better understand and further test its techno economic feasibility. 2018 English text University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1535379914445172 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1535379914445172 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws. |
| collection |
NDLTD |
| language |
English |
| sources |
NDLTD |
| topic |
Chemical Engineering Forward Osmosis Membrane Distillation FGD Wastewater Treatment Hybrid FO MD Economic Feasibility Toxic Removal |
| spellingShingle |
Chemical Engineering Forward Osmosis Membrane Distillation FGD Wastewater Treatment Hybrid FO MD Economic Feasibility Toxic Removal Patel, Dev Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of a Novel Process for Simultaneous Removal of Heavy Metals and Recovery of FGD Process Water |
| author |
Patel, Dev |
| author_facet |
Patel, Dev |
| author_sort |
Patel, Dev |
| title |
Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of a Novel Process for Simultaneous Removal of Heavy Metals and Recovery of FGD Process Water |
| title_short |
Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of a Novel Process for Simultaneous Removal of Heavy Metals and Recovery of FGD Process Water |
| title_full |
Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of a Novel Process for Simultaneous Removal of Heavy Metals and Recovery of FGD Process Water |
| title_fullStr |
Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of a Novel Process for Simultaneous Removal of Heavy Metals and Recovery of FGD Process Water |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of a Novel Process for Simultaneous Removal of Heavy Metals and Recovery of FGD Process Water |
| title_sort |
techno-economic feasibility study of a novel process for simultaneous removal of heavy metals and recovery of fgd process water |
| publisher |
University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK |
| publishDate |
2018 |
| url |
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1535379914445172 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT pateldev technoeconomicfeasibilitystudyofanovelprocessforsimultaneousremovalofheavymetalsandrecoveryoffgdprocesswater |
| _version_ |
1719454590626168832 |