Reducing the Water Absorption of Thermoplastic Starch Processed by Extrusion

• Main Author: Oakley, Philip
• Other Authors: Sain, Mohini
• Language: en_ca
• Published: 2010
• Subjects: thermoplastic starch; extrusion; bioplastic; 0542
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/25883

Novel plastics that are biodegradable and made from renewable natural resources are currently being researched as alternatives to traditional petroleum-based plastics. One such plastic, thermoplastic starch (TPS) is produced from starch processed at high temperatures in the presence of plasticizers, such as water and glycerol. However, because of its hydrophilic nature, TPS exhibits poor mechanical properties when exposed to environmental conditions, such as rain or humidity. The overall objective of this thesis was to produce a thermoplastic starch based material with low water absorption that may be used to replace petroleum-based plastics. Three different methods for reducing water absorption were investigated, including the following: extrusion of starch with hydrophobic polymers, starch modifying chemicals, and citric acid/sorbitol as plasticizers. It was found that all methods reduced the water absorption of TPS.