Studies on the characterization of the venoms of naja naja atra and deinagkistrodon acutus and the treatments of their envenomation

• Main Authors: Huang, Rui Zhen, 黃瑞禎
• Other Authors: Liu, Chao Xin
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 1995
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35405470100922406092

博士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 獸醫學研究所 === 83 === 1.The amount of venom released by cobra on each bite occasion was quite different in eastern and western parts of Taiwan.They were found to be 630.21 and 153.59mg in liquid form . No matter what injection route was used, the toxicity of western venom was about two times as virulent as that of the eastern counterpart,while tne latter was about 2.3 times as virulent in total toxicity. 2.Twelve fractions of Deinagksitrodon acutus were obtained with a fast protein liquid chromatography purification process. Fraction 1&11 contained the most part of the components with hemorrhagic & lethal activities. The major hemorrhagic factor was the fraction 11 with a molecular weight around 24-28Kd. Western blot demonstrated that fraction 11 possesses the strongest antigenicity. 3.The merits of ELISA(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) were simplicity, rapidity and high sensitivity. It was demonstrated in this study that the detectable concentration of Naja naja atra in rabbit serum and urine were as low as 0.5 & 0.1 ng/mL respectively and those of Deinagkistrodon acutus were 1.0 & 0.5ng/mL. 4.As much as 99.2% toxicity of Naja naja atra could be detoxified with the treatment of 0.25% GA(glutaraldehyde)solution (pH6.8) and have its antigenicity remained intact. A modified immunization method was developed in which not only was the immunization period shortened significantly, the potency of immune sera increased markedly,the horse mortality rate during immunization diminished. 5.In this study, trypsin showed some protective effect against the envenomation of Naja naja atra, while DTPA+procaine had inhibitory effect of lethal and hemorrhagic activity of Deinagkistrodon acutus.In comparison, antivenine is still the best therapeutic agent against snake venom posioning.