| Summary: | 碩士 === 高雄醫學院 === 護理學研究所 === 84 === ABSTRACT This study was
designed to explore the physical fitness and its relevant
factors of elementary school children. 367 children in the
fifth and thesixth grades at an elementary school in Kaohsiung
served as the subjects for this study. They were selected with
stratified cluster random method. Two instruments, both
the structured questionnaire and the physical fitness tests,
were adopted in this study. The structured questionnaire was
composed of the scales about demographic characteristics,
attitudes towardphysical activities, health locus of control,
self-efficacy for exercise andextracurricular physical
activities of the subjects. The physical fitnesstests measured
the subjects'' cardiorespiratory fitness with 800 mrunning/
walkingand their body composition with the BMI index. The
reliabilities and validities of the scales in this study were
verified by means of several methods, including Cornbach''s
Alpha, test-retest reliabilities, content validity,item analyses
as well as factor analyses. As well, the data were analyzed via
descriptive statistics , one-way ANOVA, one-way MAVOVA,
nonparametric tests, Pearson correlation, multiple regression
and logistic regression. The main findings of the study
are summarized as follows:1. 51.5% of the children''s
cardiorespiratory fitness was categorizedinto "worse". 2. 93.5%
of the children participated in extracurricular
physicalactivities at least three times a week.3.The
cardiorespiratory fitness was significantly correlated with many
factors , such as extracurricular physical activities, medium
physical activities, hard physical activities and the summation
of frequency of physical activities , but the body composition
BMI index was unrelatedto the above variables.4. In terms of the
effect of sexes and ages on physical fitness, the boys''
cardiorespiratory fitness were significantly better than girls'',
and the boys'' body composition BMI indices were significantly
higher than girls''. Furthermore, 12-year-old children''s
cardiorespiratory fitness were significantly better than 10-
and 11-year-old children''s. And boys also had more frequency
in medium physical activities than the girls. 5. The
extracurricular physical activity variables were significantly
positive correlated with the children''s attitudes toward
physical activities as well as self-efficacy in exercise
behaviors.Nevertheless, health locus of control was unrelated
with extracurricular physical activities.6. From the multiple
regression analysis, the boy subjects, the older subjects ,the
subjects who had higher score of self-efficacy for exercise
behaviors, and the subjects who had higher scores of
attitudes toward physical activities tended to have higher
level of cardiorespiratory fitness.7. According to the multiple
regression analysis, the boy subjects and the subjects who
had lower score of attitudes toward physical activities
tended to have higher body mass BMI indices.Key words: physical
fitness, extracurricular activities, elementary
school children
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