| Summary: | 博士 === 國立中興大學 === 森林學系研究所 === 85 === There are 507,377 hectares (about 24.4 ％ of total cover) of forestland
held by private in Taiwan. The tenure of these forestlands includes private
ownership(PF), aboriginal reserve forestland(AF), released national
forestland(RF), leased national forestland(LF),. Although these forestland
are small scale and their holders almost are farms. These forestlands do
provide important sources of forest products and environmental benefits to
the Island. The purposes of this research are to find out current landus e
types, efficiency, and influential factors of these forestlands.
Therefore, this research applied geographic information system (GIS) to
integrate the spatial data of these forestlands and the management
attributes that acquired from the opinions of the private holders through
personal survey. The major methods for study purposes, the landuse type
analysis using factor analysis and cluster analysis; the efficiencies
measurement are conducted by economic and environmental cost saving function
which this research has proposed; the influential factors analysis using
ordinary regression, logit regression and discriminant analysis accordance
with the scale of explained variables that author wants to understand. An
illustration has demonstrated and explored these forestlands that locate in
the Nankang Watershed, which is divided by Pu-Li town(PL), Kuo-Hsing
village(KH), and Jen-Ai(JA) village.
There are several findings in our study are as follows:
1.There are 57.8% forestland have manage more one species jointly. That
creates landuse pattern look like complex mosaic in a zone just. In
according to the structures of input/output of landuse. It can be
classified five landuse types. There can be divided as long term extensive
tree type (A type), small-scale long term jointly bamboo type (B type),
recent more jointly horticulture species type(C type), orchard intensive
type (D type), and intensive short-term crop type (E type). The major
influential f ac tors of landuse types include elevation/climate, land
price/property right of forest, objectives of holder, amount of household
labor, feasibility of home to forestland, jointly management, and slope of
land.
2.About a quarter forestland adopted agroforestry of this survey. It mainly
composed of C and B landuse type. The major influential factors of holder
to adopt agroforestry include elevation/climate, land price/property right
of forest which are adverse, but intensive objectives of holder, close to
highway are positive.
3.According to efficiency measure methods that this research has proposed.
The comparison of economic efficiency, ZA ＞ KH ＞ PL among three
different socioeconomic zone; AF ＞ RF ＞ LF ＞ PF among four different
property rights; E type ＞ B type ≒ D type ＞ A type ＞ C type among five
landuse types. The major influential factors of economics efficiency
include land price/property right of forest, intensive objectives of
holder, and close to highway. However, The comparison of environmental
efficiency, PL ＞ KH ＞ ZA among t hr ee zones, RF ≒ LF ＞ PF ≒ AF among
four kind property rights. A type ＞ C type ＞ B type ＞ D type ＞ E type
among five landuse types. The major influential factors of environmental
efficiency include characteristic of forestland, objectives of holder, and
amount of household labor.
4.Under assumed environmental control regulation. Based upon marginal
cost/benefit analysis. The private holder weight economic goal more than
environmental goal. The weight of economic goal of ZA is 0.73, KH is 0.64,
PL is 0.61; AF is 0.73, LF is 0.70, RF is 0.61, PF is 0.60; B type is
0.71, E type is 0.70, D type is 0.69, C type is 0.62, A type is 0.56.
These values not only point out the weight of holders'' goal but also show
the smaller value, the higher effectiveness of environmental control
regulati on .
5.The attributes of forestland and the characteristics of holder are two
important dimensions to three reforesting problems. 1) The major
influential factors of whether reforestation currently include the jointly
management, saving objective of reforestation, abilities and opportunities
of holder which are positive factors; but intensive objective of holder is
adverse factor. 2) The major influential factors of whether to accept the
government subsidy include the holder''s preserved objective of forestlan d
surroundings, abilities and opportunities of holder are positive factors.
3) The major influential factors of whether to accept award and joint the
tree preservation plan include land price/property of forest is adverse
factor; but joint management, the holder''s preserved objective of
forestland surroundings are positive factors.
Therefore, We proposed six suggestions for policy design to ensure
efficient forestland use. These suggestion can be described as followings:
1) The forestland use plan must be in accordance with the properties of
different zone; 2) Forestland zoning control must be enforced and property
rights of forest must be well-defined; 3) Develop compatible industries for
local forestry; 4) To strengthen extension, education and communication
programs in support of the private holder, 5) to integrate muti- infor ma
tion to monitor the forestland use, and 6) Introduce agroforestry in some
specific areas to improve forestland use.
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