| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 哲學系 === 85 === In this paper I try to apply the German word "Bildung" to
discuss two questions :(1)"How natural consciousness becomes
scientific consciousness ?",(2)"How substance transforms to
subject ?"."Bildung" implies two asppects,the first aspect
relates to the verb:bilden which means "shape","form"and
"develope"etc.,the second relates to the noun:Bildund which mans
"culture","education"etc.I pun on this word to interprete the
main concept :CONSCIOUSNESS,Bewusstsein in the introduction and
preface in Hegel''s Phaenomenologie des Geistes.(below PhG)
According to PhG''s introduction Hegel opens his enterprise by
challenging the presuppositions of Kantian critique . Hegel
considers the theory of cognitions(instrument and medium)as a
target for criticism.This approach is tantamount to refusing
Kant''s proposal or in broaser sense , all kinds of philosophical
preparaton or propaedeutic.Such theory of knowledge put barrier
between knowingand object viz.seperation.Hegel betakes himself
to build up the peimacy scientificprotype:"WISSENSCHAFT". "To
help bring philosophy closor to science"is Hegel''s vocation.The
"form" of science means that knowledge should be science only if
knowledge can be grasped it''s inner necessity which refer to a
coherent , sequential system of truth from the external one.
"How to do it ? " Hegel elaborates upon the method:Presentation,
DARSTELLUNG which can introduce and develope natural
consciousness to science.But "How does this expositon work ?"
Hegel declared that we need a stander,Massstab for testing
consciousness ,but the problem is we can''t get justified stander
before the science has been done. The solution is requested
to the consciousness itself.For Hegel defines three propositions
of it :(1)Consciousness is explicity the concept of itself
,(2)Con-sciousness provides its own criterion ,(3)Consciousness
examines its own self.In detail cnsciousness simutaneously
distinguishes itself from something,and at same time relates
itself to it ,namely consciousness implies 1)bing-for-
consciousness,WIssen;2)bing-in-itself,Ansich .Consciousness
detects these bi-polar within.The characteristic of
consciousness is such discrepancy.In this unstable situation
consciousness can always push itself to exterme and at same time
transcend and exceed itself,once it has been exceeded by itself
consciousness aware of a new form,Gestalte and changs itself to
a new one.The scientific order is shaped by this process of
transformation,in hegel''s word :experience ,ERFAHRUNG or dia-
lectical movement of consciousness which manifest the word:
bilden''s conotation.Since the consciousness do it''s own work,
what have left for us is simply to look on ,das reine Zesehen.
"How substance transforms into subject ?" consciousness must
assimilate and appropriate what has already been in itself which
called "spiritual substance".This substance is nothing but
culture,Bildung which has determined what the individual''s
character and behavior etc.The relationship between universal
substance and individual is so called:"Every individual is a
child of his time".SO the Bildung in education aspect is to
practice the ideal:"philosophy is its own time apprehended in
thought".In Hegel''s time the work is so:to disolute what has
been familiar to individual to the elements of thought by the
power of understanding,and integrate these moments to the whole
,fluid system of truth which means the self-movement,circles,
spiritual essens,viz.suject,Subjekt.
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