The "Bilung"of consciousness and individual in Hegel''s Phenomenology of Spirite

• Main Authors: Wu, Chin-Hsun, 吳錦勳
• Other Authors: Chang Ko-Chuan
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 1997
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41337379065002096400

碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 哲學系 === 85 === In this paper I try to apply the German word "Bildung" to discuss two questions :(1)"How natural consciousness becomes scientific consciousness ?",(2)"How substance transforms to subject ?"."Bildung" implies two asppects,the first aspect relates to the verb:bilden which means "shape","form"and "develope"etc.,the second relates to the noun:Bildund which mans "culture","education"etc.I pun on this word to interprete the main concept :CONSCIOUSNESS,Bewusstsein in the introduction and preface in Hegel''s Phaenomenologie des Geistes.(below PhG) According to PhG''s introduction Hegel opens his enterprise by challenging the presuppositions of Kantian critique . Hegel considers the theory of cognitions(instrument and medium)as a target for criticism.This approach is tantamount to refusing Kant''s proposal or in broaser sense , all kinds of philosophical preparaton or propaedeutic.Such theory of knowledge put barrier between knowingand object viz.seperation.Hegel betakes himself to build up the peimacy scientificprotype:"WISSENSCHAFT". "To help bring philosophy closor to science"is Hegel''s vocation.The "form" of science means that knowledge should be science only if knowledge can be grasped it''s inner necessity which refer to a coherent , sequential system of truth from the external one. "How to do it ? " Hegel elaborates upon the method:Presentation, DARSTELLUNG which can introduce and develope natural consciousness to science.But "How does this expositon work ?" Hegel declared that we need a stander,Massstab for testing consciousness ,but the problem is we can''t get justified stander before the science has been done. The solution is requested to the consciousness itself.For Hegel defines three propositions of it :(1)Consciousness is explicity the concept of itself ,(2)Con-sciousness provides its own criterion ,(3)Consciousness examines its own self.In detail cnsciousness simutaneously distinguishes itself from something,and at same time relates itself to it ,namely consciousness implies 1)bing-for- consciousness,WIssen;2)bing-in-itself,Ansich .Consciousness detects these bi-polar within.The characteristic of consciousness is such discrepancy.In this unstable situation consciousness can always push itself to exterme and at same time transcend and exceed itself,once it has been exceeded by itself consciousness aware of a new form,Gestalte and changs itself to a new one.The scientific order is shaped by this process of transformation,in hegel''s word :experience ,ERFAHRUNG or dia- lectical movement of consciousness which manifest the word: bilden''s conotation.Since the consciousness do it''s own work, what have left for us is simply to look on ,das reine Zesehen. "How substance transforms into subject ?" consciousness must assimilate and appropriate what has already been in itself which called "spiritual substance".This substance is nothing but culture,Bildung which has determined what the individual''s character and behavior etc.The relationship between universal substance and individual is so called:"Every individual is a child of his time".SO the Bildung in education aspect is to practice the ideal:"philosophy is its own time apprehended in thought".In Hegel''s time the work is so:to disolute what has been familiar to individual to the elements of thought by the power of understanding,and integrate these moments to the whole ,fluid system of truth which means the self-movement,circles, spiritual essens,viz.suject,Subjekt.