| Summary: | 碩士 === 東吳大學 === 會計學系 === 85 === This study divides the world into advanced into advanced
countries(includingLatin America , Asia and Africa) and Eastern
Europe countries, and gives abrief overview of privatization
background,process and results of eighteencountries.(1).After
the Mexican foreign debt crisis happened,Latin American
countries faced heavy debt deficit .Privatization was looked
upon as a methodto solve these problems.Besides debt-equity
transfer,Latin American countriesused the same privatization
methods as western advanced nations used.(2).InAsia region
,privatization is used not only as a response to government
failurebut also a positive policy tool to assist
industrialization.Stock offerings,sales of assets, BOT and
corporatization were commonly used forms of privatization.(3).
African countries were unde pressure of the World Bank andIMF to
implement structural adjustment programs. Most of these programs
includedthe creation of an enabling environment for private
sector activity and thetransfer to the private sector of
activities formerly controlled by the state.Sales of assets or
shares, joint -venture and management transfer were commonlyused
forms of privatization.(4).After the collapse of the communist
regimes,Eastern Europe countries suffered from political unrest
and economical devast-ation ,and this region lacked the private
ownership, the basic financial institutions and legal framework
that privatization policy required, thusprivatization activities
in these countries were more difficult to implement,quick and
massive privatization of the SOEs was emphasized.
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