| Summary: | 博士 === 國立臺灣科技大學 === 營建工程系 === 87 === Shape memory alloy is a high-tech and intelligent material. By means of the shape memory, different shapes can be formed within proper range. It can also memorize the change of shapes in different temperature to meet the application needs. Up to now, various elements as TiNi base, Cu base and Fe base have been developed into new alloy and many relative products have been produced. These alloys are applied in many fields, including medical science, machinery, family electric appliances and daily products. In constructional field, alloy has been used as the pipe joint or in the detonation of rocks. However, it is not applied very widely. Consequently, it is necessary for the experts in construction engineering to study the field so that the quality of construction can be improved and the living standard can be promoted. Owing to these reasons, this research tries to apply the shape memory effect to the fire resistance of buildings and to the connections of structural member installation. This research gets rid of old mode and uses a whole new method to invent technological and energy-saving material. Through the progress of material quality, the error on management and construction can be avoided and disaster can be reduced.
The materials used in the research include NiTi, Cu and Fe, and the usage of them varies. The range of temperature also changes according to different situation. Three properties of the alloys are mono-direction, bi-direction and superelasticity. The smallness, intelligence, energy-saving and damage prevention of shape memory alloy can be applied in fire detecting to inform people of the fire, automatic watering to extinguish fire and automatic opening and closing of the fire-proof gate so that people are able to escape from the fire place. Moreover, with the special properties of shape memory Alloy, safe and economic connections of structural member is studied.
The property of the material is helpful in the construction engineering, and through this research, new material and new concept of working might be instilled in the construction engineering field. Besides the exploitation of new material, the melting, training and element design of alloys are also investigated in the research. Molds are also made to do trial and error, and once something is wrong, the test will be modified to evaluate the workability of the material.
The intelligent and energy-saving shape memory alloy can be installed to ensure the safety of construction, especially in fireproof since shape memory alloy will change its size with temperature. It can be made into springs and replace motor or machines, solving the problems in maintenance and reducing noise. When fire occurs, shape memory alloy is sensitive to the change of temperature and changing its own shape, starting the fireproof installation as soon as possible. The equipment can predict fire and extinguish it, avoiding casualty and the loss of property. As a fire detector, shape memory alloy can detect temperature automatically and change shape without fixed steps. With the change of the buttons and the control of the temperature, the shape memory alloy springs will stretch or contract, and can detect the change of temperature more easily. This kind of detector can be used in every condition and can easily control the temperature, performing the function of non-stage changing, making the detector more smart and predictive.
When used as an automatic watering equipment, the springs that detect temperature and the axis supporting structure can water automatically once fire occurs and extinguish fire. It ensures the safety of buildings and the automatic watering function can be designed in different situation.
Shape memory alloy can also open and close the fireproof gate automatically. When the temperature increases during fire, shape memory alloy will contract and close the fireproof gate automatically. When temperature reduces, shape memory alloy will recover to the normal shape and keep the ventilation of the whole building without the help of human maneuver. Regular or irregular tests can be performed to check the function of it.
Furthermore, after the observation of microstructure and macro mechanism after jointing, shape memory alloy can be shaped into C ring to make the connections of structural member. The kind of material possesses high recovery ability and can be used to link the joints. During the process of joining, safety, economy and rapidness are necessary to prevent the complicated steps in conventional connections, and also avoid damages and unnecessary loss. Furthermore, the results of this creative research have been sent to the Department of Economy to apply for the right of patent.
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