Studies on the Synthesis of High Energetic Oxidizer Ammonium Dinitramide

• Main Authors: Shih-Wen Liao, 廖世文
• Other Authors: Sheng-Tsair Lin
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2000
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29854040335009283276

碩士 === 中正理工學院 === 應用化學研究所 === 88 === ABSTRACT This research uses urethane (Ethyl carbamate) as starting material, to form ethyl N-nitrocarbamate through nitrated urethane. Under anhydrous conditions,the ethyl N-nitrocarbamate reacts with ammonia (NH3) to produce the ammonium salt (Ammonium ethyl N-nitrocarbamate). In the final process, the ammonium salt is nitrated with nitronium tetrafluoroborate(NO2BF4). The ammonia (NH3) then reacts with the reaction mixture to produce ammonium dinitramide ( ADN ), ammonium tetrafluoroborate and regenerate the original ethyl carbamate. The physical and chemical data will be discussed in details. In the aspect of synthetic ethyl N-nitrocarbamate, this research attempts to synthesize ethyl N-nitrocarbamate via different containing acetic anhydride of the nitrating agent to associate with ethyl carbamate. It is found that using 1.0 equivalent nitric acid and 2.5 equivalent acetic anhydride as the nitrating agent to nitrate the ethyl carbamate has a better reaction condition. Finally, the reaction of synthetic ammonium dinitramide (ADN) can be prepared in the“one pot process”. The characteristic is that the intermediate does not need the process of isolation and purification, the result is the same as former experiment.