The Effects of the Role of Computer Support and the Explanation on Inductive Reasoning

• Main Authors: Wu, Ting-Yu, 吳庭瑜
• Other Authors: Horng, Ruey-Yun
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2000
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88420683863806412604

博士 === 國立交通大學 === 工業工程與管理系 === 88 === Difficulties in inductive reasoning are related to either hypothesis formation or hypothesis testing. To help people do inductive reasoning, we can either that 1.) design learning environment that suggests to the person there are more than one alternative hypothesis in the inductive reasoning task, and that demonstrates the benefit of testing falsifying instances；or 2.) manipulate an individual''s cognitive activities while doing inductive reasoning. In this research, we compare the effects of two different computer support designs, database and collaborator, on inductive reasoning and their effects on hypothesis formation and hypothesis testing. We also evaluated the effects of prompting subjects to give explanation on inductive reasoning. The results showed that the major difficulty in inductive reasoning is in hypothesis formation. Furthermore, both the database and the collaborator support systems can lead to improve performance on inductive reasoning. However, after removing the computer support, only those subjects who studied under the database support system retain the improvement. The performance of those subjects under the collaborator support system drop to the baseline after removal of the system support. Prompted to give explanation in the learning phases also led to better inductive reasoning performance and more accurate estimation of their own performance. Implications of these findings on the cognitive process of inductive reasoning were discussed. 英文摘要 ii 誌 謝 iii 目 錄 iv 表目錄 v 圖目錄 vii 第一章 導論 1 第二章 文獻探討 10 第三章 方法 36 第四章 結果 52 第五章 結論與討論 85 參考文獻 101 附錄一 前、後測與合作者情境中學習環境之視窗介面 105 附錄二 資料庫情境中學習環境之視窗介面 109 附錄三 研究中所用的歸納推理作業 112 附錄四 對學習系統滿意度問卷 113 附錄五 合作者示範的假設檢定過程 115