| Summary: | 碩士 === 東海大學 === 景觀學系 === 88 === The purpose of this research was to investigate in terms of environmental psychology how children utilize playground equipments. Furthermore, various phenomena at playgrounds were interpreted considering children’s safety cognition toward playground behaviors in order to provide the planners or designers of playgrounds with a brand-new perspective on how to create a safe and amusing playground environment.
By means of observations, the research was proceeded on the spot as well as questionnaire filling to elementary school students. Playground facilities such as swings, slides, seesaws, and jungle gyms were chosen; they are children’s favorites, but on the other hand, many playground accidents had also been ascribed to them. In the light of pioneer studies, behaviors happening on playground equipments were classified into four categories- normal, weakly technical, technical, and highly technical, and their respective proportions of occurrence are observed. Meanwhile, by applying the repeated measure ANOVA analysis, the differences of children’s cognition of playground behaviors were carefully examined the interaction between forms in light of playground equipment and types of playground behavior.
The conclusions have been drawn as followed:
Part 1: on-site observations
(1) When a child utilizes playground equipments, there are
indeed a certain notable norms, which represent child’s
pursuit of the sense of safety as well as entertainment.
(2) For the study of types of playground equipments and
technical play behaviors, the principle of sampling
playground equipment was according to the classes of
security. Through the statistical result of observation
dada, it is concluded that there is no enough evidence to
prove that, except for swing, the types of playground
equipments can influence significantly the proportion
arrangement of four kinds of technical play behaviors on
slides, see-saws, jungle gyms.
(3) Gender and age significantly influence the respective
proportions of occurrence of the different classes of
playground behaviors.
Part 2: questionnaire filling to elementary school students
(1) For the cognition of playground equipment’s safety,
children have the ability to judge the safety of playground
equipments reasonably.
(2) There is a significant difference in the judgments of
children on the safety between playground equipments and
them on use.
(3) The safety cognition of children toward behavior on
playground equipments is influenced significantly by the
interaction between the form of playground equipment
utilized and the class of playground behavior occurring on
that equipment. Moreover, on the affection of the
interactions between the triple factors, a child’s age is
the major effective factor to his safety cognition toward
behavior on playground equipments.
(4) With the exception of slides, the entertainment cognition
of children toward behavior on playground equipments are
influenced significantly by the interaction between the
form of playground equipment utilized and the class of
playground behavior occurring on that equipment. Moreover,
on the affection of the interactions between the triple
factors, a child’s traumatic experience is the major
effective factor to his safety cognition toward behavior on
playground equipments.
The research has substantiated the importance of behavioral observation on environmental planning or designing. In addition, it will provide planners or designers of playgrounds with the viewpoints of the users in the hope that a playground environment with safety and amusement as well shall be created.
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