Retrospective Study of Canine Urolithiasis in National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital

• Main Authors: SHIH-HUNG CHUANG, 莊世宏
• Other Authors: HUI-PI HUANG
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2001
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63312458765455877052

碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 獸醫學研究所 === 89 === Ninety four cases of canine urolithiasis collected from NTUVH during Jan 1997 to Feb 2000 were studied retrospectively. Of 94 cases, chemical analysis of uroliths were completed on 68 cases. During the same period of time, 158 cases from NTUVH were selected randomly as the control group. The incidence of urolithiasis was 0.65% of the total hospital population. The composition of urinary calculi was determined in 68 cases. Magnesium ammonium phosphate calculi (struvite) was the main constituent in 60.3% of cases followed by, calcium phosphate 35.4%, calcium oxalate 2.9%, and mixed 1.5%. The Miniature Schnauzer (20.2%), Pomeranian (13.8%), Shih Tzu (10.6%), Yorkshire Terrier (10.6%) and Miniature Poodle (4.3%) were the breeds that showed a significantly higher incidence (p<0.05) of urolithiasis than other breeds of dogs. Miniature Schnauzers had the most significantly increased risk of calculus formation among other breeds, and the odds ratio of Miniature Schnauzers against Mongrels was 223.4. Although Maltese Terriers had high frequency (10.6%), but was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Struvite-containing calculi were most common in Miniature Schnauzers (29.3%), then in Shih Tzus (19.5%), in Maltese Terriers (14.6%), and in Mongrels (12.2%). Calcium phosphate calculi were equally found in Miniature Schnauzers, Pomeranians and Yorkshire Terriers (20.8%). Oxalate-containing calculi were less frequently found, only two cases were recorded (Mongrel and Pomeranian). The mean age of those cases was 6.1 years. The mean age of dogs with struvite-containing calculi was 5.1 years, for calcium calculi phosphate was 6.3 years, and for oxalate calculi was 5 years. The male dogs had more significantly increased risk of calculus formation among female dogs, and the odds ratio of males against females was 2.7 of the same breeds within the age groups. Struvite-containing calculi were less frequently in males (32.7%) than females (68.3%). Calcium phosphate calculi were more frequently in males (75.0%) than females (25.0%). Among those cases 69.1-75.0% specimens located in and removed from bladder, 13.2-17.0% in Bladder and urethra, 5.9-8.5% in urethra, 2.9% in kidney and bladder, 1.5% in kidney. In cases of struvite-containing calculi 2.9% specimens were in bladder, 7.3% were in bladder and urethra, 4.9% were in kidney and bladder, 2.4% were in urethra, 2.4% were in kidney. In cases of calcium phosphate calculi 62.5% specimens were in bladder, 20.8% were in bladder and urethra, 12.5% were in urethra. The only two cases of oxalate calculi, both were found in bladders. In this study, canine urolithiasis had no association with season (p>0.05). Recurrent rate of this study was 21.3%; 60% of the cases were struvite, 33.3% were calcium phosphate, and 6.7% were oxalate calculi. Seventy percents of those recurrent cases were in the group of 4-8 years.