The Development Effects of Standing Control in Children under Individual Constraint

• Main Authors: Lin, Shang-Wu, 林尚武
• Other Authors: Chen, Chung-Yu
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2002
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86765905447968851742

碩士 === 國立臺灣體育學院 === 體育研究所 === 90 === From the aspect of the dynamic systems theory, the development of motor control is affected by the interaction of three subsystems, namely, task, environment, and individual. The purpose of this study was to investigate the age difference of the strategies of balance control in middle/late children under individual constraint of fatigue through instant and intense exercise for the whole body. Five volunteer boys for each age group (8-, 10-, and 12-year-old) served as participants in this study. Every participant was asked to perform continuous counter movement jump on a Kistler Quattro Jump Platform monitoring the fatigue index until no more jump could be performed. Before and after the fatigue treatment, the biomechanical characteristics were recorded by a Catsys 2000 Sway Force Plate system and a Biovision system with electrogoniometers and inclinometers during the one minute period in which each participant performed one foot standing balance movement with eyes open. Mixed-design two-way ANOVA and Duncan’s test were adopted to analyze the statistical differences for developmental effects and before/after fatigue treatment with an alpha level of .05. The results showed that the variability of angular velocity (VAV) for trunk inclination, the centre of pressure (COP) sway velocity, and the COP anteroposterior sway displacements significantly increased (p<.05) under the post-fatigue condition. For the balance control characteristics of lower extremity, there were no significant age differences for VAV at the hip, knee, and ankle joints under the pre-fatigue condition (p>.05). Nevertheless, under the post-fatigue condition, the VAV at the hip in the sagittal plane for the 8-year-old children (9.17±1.49deg/s) was observed to be significantly greater than that for the 10-year-old children (6.08±0.33deg/s) (p<.05). It is further noted that under the same post-fatigue condition, the 10-year-old group exhibited a prominent increase in the activity at the ankle over the other 2 groups, as seen in the highest VAV at the ankle in the frontal plane (14.57±4.70deg/s) compared to that of the 8-year-old group (9.38±2.12deg/s) and the 12-year-old group (9.60±1.54deg/s) (p<.05). The findings indicated that middle/late children were affected by the fatigue constraint to exhibit an increase in body sway. With regard to the balance control characteristics at different joints, however, though under the pre-fatigue condition it seemed of no obvious difference among the three age groups, there did exist age differences in the balance control patterns under the fatigue constraint. This study demonstrated that fatigue, an individual constraint, could induce phase shift in the development of standing control.