| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立海洋大學 === 海洋生物研究所 === 90 === Solenocerid shrimps are decapod crustaceans and belong to the superfamily Penaeoidea. All solenocerid shrimps are marine and some species have high commercial values. Solenocerid shrimps are distributied from shallow water to at least 4500m deep. There are approximately 9 genera and 74 known species in the world, with 8 genera and 51 species found in the Indo-West Pacific. Previous studies of solenocerid shrimps in Taiwan were sparse and only 4 genera and 12 species have been recorded. In the present study, 7 genera and 22 species of solenocerid shrimps are found to occur in Taiwan, with 3 genera and 10 species are new records of Taiwan. The present report describes the main morphological characters of these 22 species. Their identification keys, line drawings and color photographs are also provided.
The present study attempts to use numerical taxonomy to analysis the phylogenetic relationships amongst the Taiwanese solenocerid species and the 22 species are grouped in 5 clusters. This is less than the 7 genera proposed in traditional classification schemes. This is mainly caused by the genera Mesopenaeus, Cryptopenaeus and Hadropenaeus are clustered together.
On the vertical distribution of the Taiwanese solenocerid shrimps, most genera, except Solenocera and Mesopenaeus, are generally restricted to deep waters. Amongst them Haliporus and Hymenopenaeus are the deepest. The numbers of species recorded in southern Taiwan are higher than northern Taiwan, but the difference is not large. The solenocerid fauna of Taiwan has 77.8 % genera and 29.7 % species of the world species. With respect to the Indo-West Pacific warm water region, 87.5 % genera and 43.1% species of solenocerids are found in Taiwan. Nearly 72 % of the species in Taiwan are widely distributed species and there is no endemic species in Taiwan. From NT-SYS analysis, the solenocerid fauna of Taiwan are most similar to Japan (with 60.9 % similarity). The next similar are Philippines and Australia, of 59.3 % and 53.1 % similarities respectively. However, Taiwan and the South China Sea has only 48.1 % similarity.
More surveys in the further, particularly at deep water areas, likely can discovery a few more solenocerid shrimps off Taiwan.
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