| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立海洋大學 === 航運管理學系 === 90 === The number of Internet users has reached 5 billion by the end of 2001. The popularity of the Internet is directly related to a country’s economic growth. According to a research”Digital Opportunity” submitted by the International Telecommunication Union in 2002, the rate of Internet application is closely related to a country’s Gross Domestic Product（GDP）. In other words, the higher the rate of Internet application, the greater the country’s GDP. Conversely. If a country does not have enough technical infrastructure or lacks a strategy for promoting systematic application of the Internet, it will face significant digital difficultiesand may lose the motivity of economic growth.
98﹪of cargo involoved in Taiwan’s internationsl trade are carried by ocean transportation.The application of electronic commerce（e-commerce） in maritime industries is important for the growth of Taiwan’s GDP. It can replace intensive manpower, which has been used in traditional shipping practices. Much time can be saved during the confirmation of orders, handling goods, producing bills of lading, issuing letters of credit and customs clearance. In case electronic bill of lading system is adopted, the global trends are to upgrade electronic communication development of e-commerce. This research aims to explore the role of certification authority, its operation system and certification practices. It can provide a useful reference to shipping industries while issuing electronic bill of lading and engaging in e-commerce.
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