Evaluation of Environmental Policy Implementation — A Case Study on Garbage and Recyclable Collection Program and Per Bag Trash Collection Fee Policy in Taipei City

• Main Authors: TSAI CHING TSUN, 蔡清村
• Other Authors: 林青蓉
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2003
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51416215527748816799

碩士 === 銘傳大學 === 公共管理與社區發展研究所碩士在職專班 === 91 === Environment protection issues have been concerned deeply by the public during recent years, such as the development histories and experiences about the garbage disposal related problem for the developed country, which have become the focus of the political, financial and social problems for Taipei City. The present study aims at the implementation of environmental policy on Per Bag Trash Collection Fee system, which evaluates from the department to analysis the executive situations, results, effects and changes, the comments for the policy, the cooperative situations for all circles, and the viewpoints and opinions for the future challenges and difficulties. The present study further probes into the “intentions” to working recognitions, attitudes, behavior, etc., the influences for the policy and execution, and the viewpoints and opinions for the policy of the executive staffs after the implementation of the environmental policy for the transportation and charge system of the PBTCF system. First part is the face-to-face interviews with 7 executive officers of the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) of the Taipei City Government in charge of policy-making and execution, and arrangements, analyses, and description of the secondary information provided by the department. Second part is the questionnaire investigation for 198 executive staffs responsible for the garbage transportation routes for the whole city, and the analyses of the influence of their “intentions”, wherein the formal questionnaire investigation is completed between 2003.3.26 and 2003.3.31, and the total amount of effective questionnaire is 198. The key discoveries within are as below: 1.“Intention” influence of the executive staffs: According to the result of the questionnaire investigation, most of the executive staffs are male whose average age is 48.05 years old, the level of education for most of them are junior high school, and most of their positions are team members. Generally, the executive staffs provide with positive viewpoints toward the system, according to the statistically analytical result, the highest scores of which are: believing that the garbage amount can be reduced, claiming that it is necessary to ban and inform against the citizens refusing to use certified bags, and arguing with the citizens who are reluctant to cooperate. Furthermore, the executive staffs think that many citizens throw the garbage arbitrarily and disregard the regulations to reduce garbage disposal expenses, there are also some unworthy dealers forge certified bags for sale to gain personal profit, respectively, and wherein there is significant difference shown between the violation situation recognized and the audit data provided by the DEP. Further, there are 69.2% and 52.5% of the executive staffs, respectively, feel much pressure and hard to execute. Moreover, there is about 23% of the executive staffs hold passive behavior, which represent that it is necessary for the executive staffs to learn more knowledge and skills to meet the requirement for future challenge. In addition, there are positive correlations among “recognition, attitude, and behavior”, which show obvious differences. The older the executive staffs are, the worse the performance shown on various area. It is explicit that the “age” plays the most important role relevant to the executive efficiency for the policy. 2.Result for using certified bags: According to the study, commonly, among the certified bags received by the executive staffs, the percentages of the “middle” type and “extraordinarily small” certified bags are 39.4 and 49.5, respectively. And also discovered is that the “small” type certified bags received most by the executive staffs at NeiHu, HsinYihc, and NanGang districts, the “middle” type certified bags received most by the executive staffs at ShinLin, TaAn, NeiHu, WenShan, and BeiTou districts, and the “large” type certified bags received most by the executive staffs at ZhongShan, TaTung, ChungChen, SungSang, HsinYihc, and WanHua districts. Judging from above, the garbage amount percentages produced from ZhongShan, TaTung, ChungChen, SungSang, HsinYihc, and WanHua districts are higher than the other districts, such as ShinLin district, and so on. Further, the manufacturers of the certified bags can estimate the production amount and percentages for various types of certified bags to prevent from poor selling or running out of stock, and also the retailers for the certified bags can sell according to the types and percentages of the certified bags received by various districts. 3.Establishing prevention measures: The worst negative influences are phony bags and garbage discard problems, the actual situation of which may be worse than estimation, and constant and enthusiastic prevention is necessary to maintain the effects. 4.Official leadership and policy operation: All the members of the Taipei City Government join with all their strength, and the positive response and cooperation of the executive staffs, the complete determination and will is the basis for the future successful implementation. Furthermore, the systematic mode of the top-down leadership and command is also the most efficient way while advancing the restrained policy related to the rights and interests of the public by the government. 5.Effect for “administrative restraint” and “economical attraction” mechanism: “Pays for Garbage Disposal by the Bag” policy improves the disadvantage of paying for garbage disposal with the water fee. The policy promotes the pollution makers reduce the garbage amount and recover the resource garbage via the restrained measures and price controlling amount mechanism. 6.The public opinion and the resource application of the policy announcement and sale, etc.: Due to the open-minded public wisdom, there are voices and pressures from all circles asking for innovation, “popular morale” is the basis of the new policy promoted by the city government. Further, the city government applies various propaganda and media such as policy explaining meetings, handbills, news and magazines, TV, radio stations, network, different levels of schools and government organizations, etc. to continuously announce the new policy, which are helpful for the citizens to get full related information and enhance self-belief on execution, and are of great help for the implement of the environmental policy. 7.The policy need to be implemented in proper sequence and adjusted accordingly: The policy execution is not unchangeable. Therefore, making changes according to the current situation is the key to maintain the effects 8.It is not proper to alter greatly on charge mechanism and standards: Under the consideration of social cost and actual cost, it is impossible to adjust the charge standard to higher level to reflect the actual cost, thus, maintaining the present situation is better choice. 9.Building future desires: In the future, the relevant necessary measures such as leftover recovery, stopping collecting garbage three days per week, promoting environmental products with green trademark and zero landfill and total recycling policy before year 2010 in Taipei City, etc. should be carried out as scheduled, it is believed that once the policy can be envisaged completely and announced appropriately, it is expected that the resistance from the Taipei citizens should be less while continuously implementing relevant environmental restraint policy at Taipei City in the future. In summary, garbage disposal is the significant target for the environmental policy of the government, during the execution process, it is necessary to arrange for eliminating adverse interferences, insist on the professional standpoint of the environmental protection, make long-term planning and mobile thinking, and look after the living of the future age, therefore, the public can approve and support, resulting the implementation of the policy and system.