| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺北大學 === 資源管理研究所碩士在職專班 === 91 === Since March 1, 1998 when EPA promulgated waste TV sets, waste refrigerators, waste washing machines, and waste air conditioners to be recovered, the recycling of waste electrical home appliances have effectively solved the imminent environmental pollution problems resulted from waste electrical home appliances, and have minimized the impact which waste electrical home appliances might have on total ecology. The execution of the recycling of waste electrical home appliances have good performance.
Firstly, this study is to collect and sort statutory, systematic, and technical status of the recycling of waste electrical home appliances in advanced countries, mainly European Union, Germany, Japan, and Korea, and to compare and analyze relevant systems, references, and techniques in Taiwan with that in advanced countries. It is suggested that the amelioration of the recycling system in Taiwan could change the recycling organization conducted by the government, Resources Recycling Fund Management Committee EPA, to the recycling organization constituted by the accountable industries, and the government is responsible for the making of the regulations and for the supervision of the recycling performance.
The approach of the study on priority collection items of waste electrical home appliances, beside waste TV sets, waste refrigerators, waste washing machines, and waste air conditioners, is firstly to conduct questionnaire on the public for the selection of 8 waste electrical items from nearly 30 waste electrical items, which in public opinion should be collected in priority. Those 8 priority collection items would be the short-term recycling target. Furthermore, it is to use analysis hierarchy process (AHP) for the assessment on those priority collection items. The assessment guidelines are the fairness in control, production and disposal volume, convenience in collection, feasibility in processing, degrees in environmental pollution, and resources recovery value. Next step will be to make professional questionnaire and to sort out , through the exercise of Expert Choice 2000, the priority of each collection item: bulb and fluorescent circular light, mobile phones, dehumidifiers, micro waves, video players, electrical fans, and electrical ovens.
In order to understand the feasibility in processing above mentioned collection items, this study not only compile data about relevant products, collection volume, and components in Taiwan, but also conduct field dismantling of those collection items. It is found that in comparison with waste TV sets, waste refrigerators, waste washing machines, and waste air conditions, the additional LCD monitors might include hazardous materials. Currently, Taiwan has introduced German facilities for effective processing.
The feasibility to include those priority collection items into current recycling plants in this study has been analyzed through the capacity analysis of waste articles, resources processing techniques, collection channel, and auditing and certification. The analysis result of the feasibility is good. Especially, the free processing capacity of current recycling plants amount to 73%. If the recovery rate of those new collection items is estimated to be 40%, the free processing capacity is still above 65%. Therefore, the result of capacity analysis is good.
In this study, the establishment and planning of the recycling system of those 8 collection items are based on the consideration that most articles are small size electrical home appliances, their kinds are various, their dimensions are small, their weights are light, and they are not easy to be calculated on collection numbers and main components. In reference to foreign experiences, they should be calculated on weight in stead of current collection numbers. Besides, small size waste electrical articles are light weight and easy to be removed, easy to be discarded by the public into the garbage collection system. Thus, those 8 collection items could be collected by current local resources recovery trucks and be sorted and stored in local resources recovery places. The issuing of recovery subsidy could follow the established and planned operation of current resources recycling system, but mainly by the inspection piece by piece. Waste articles should be in total shape, otherwise they would be turn down or treated with difference rate. The criteria of the rating are based on the calculation of the weight of each article.
In view of sound structure of total collection, clearance, and processing, the future direction of the study should focus on
1. rating structure,
2. cost benefit analysis,
3. amendment of regulations,
4. assessment of life cycle,
5. market of recycled materials,
6. operation of auditing and certification.
In that case, sound system of collection and processing system can be set up and the effective promotion of resources recovery can be assured.
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