| Summary: | 碩士 === 臺東師範學院 === 教育研究所 === 91 === Abstract
In Taiwan, previous studies about gender equity mostly discuss the influence of sex on the hierarchical variables of employ market, such as occupation and salary, or the influence of married couples’ educational background on the difference of gender role and house affairs. Some studies adopt gender role attitude and participation of house affair as intervening variables and then discuss the influence of personal background on employ market. But some of them are only the qualitative description rather than quantitative analysis; some studies take local sample as participants to do their research. The above studies’ finding are not consensus so no one can understand comprehensively the society in Taiwan.
Therefore, this study analyzes the data from 1997 Social Change Survey in Taiwan by path analysis and has several findings as follow:
1. As to gender role attitude, most of Taiwan adults are inclined to the traditional aspect of gender role attitudes. That is to say, most people agree “females are family subordinates” and “women working outside will hurt family.” But as to the variable of “female should work independently”, their opinion are not consensus.
2. As to the personal education, the higher the level of education, the higher their salary. The higher the level of personal education, the more they disagree “females are family subordinates”, the higher personal salary. As to the sex, sex influences directly salary. The phenomenon of female rarely participating the traditional male house affairs indirectly lowers female salaries. Besides, the phenomena of “female education is lower than male” lead to that of “their salary is lower than male.” But when females disagree “females are family subordinates”, that will elevate female salary and bridge the salary gap between males and females.
3. When this study took female samples into the advanced analysis, it finds the higher female education, the higher their salary. The higher female education, the more they disagree “females are family subordinates”, the higher their salary. The younger females are, the more they disagree “females are family subordinates”, the higher their salary. Besides, compared with unmarried females, married ones rather agree “females are family subordinates” and that phenomenon can indirectly lowers personal salary. As to the factors influencing females to be housewives rather than career women, this study finds the lower level of female education, the more they agree “females are family subordinates” and “women working outside will hurt family”, the more they probably become housewives. The younger female are, the more they disagree “women working outside will hurt family,” the less they probably become housewives. Besides, compared with unmarried females, married ones agree “women working outside will hurt family.” That compels females to give up their occupations to become housewives.
Key words: gender role attitude, participation of house affair,
the hierarchy of employ market
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