| Summary: | 碩士 === 靜宜大學 === 中國文學研究所 === 91 === Abstract
As one of the leading Contemporary Neo-Confucians, Hsu, Fu-Kuan had done a lot of researches regarding to the issue of how the traditional Chinese culture can be interacted with the modern world. When exploring this issue, I have benefited a lot from his works.I chose his stady in the thoughts of Confucian’s human-nature as my research topic.
As interpreting the spirit of traditional Chinese culture, Hsu applied “inner-morality” as his main thought, no matter in his critical, miscellaneous or academic works. In addition, he put more emphasis on discussing Chinese thoughts in the path of history rather than in a metaphysical analysis. This approach was influenced by his character with the practicing spirit and became the feature of his research method.
As an introduction, Chapter I of my thesis would generally elaborate the research motivation, objective and method, Being reviewed the previous concerned source and materials, a detailed account is listed and commented .
Hsu, Fu-Kuan had been served in military and participated in the decision-making of the KMT party since his early age. He had not started to write and teach until age forty-five. Compared with other scholars, his biographic experience was considerately unique. In view of his exiraordinary experience , chapter II of my thesis would examine his experiences and the characteristics of his personality.
The criticism was prevalent among Taiwan’s academia during the early period ruled by the National Government in Taiwan. This critical atmosphere was followed by the research method of the “Chin-Chia” school and the western scientific positivism. The traditional Chinese culture was treated then as a set of material with lack of life identification. Under such circumstances, Hsu advocated the attitude of “Ching”. In exploring the Chinese culture, he had earned the praise responsively, and corrected the deviation of the research attitude in the academia. Furthermore, Hsu had given various critical opinions in respect of the research method in Chinese culture. This would be one of his significant contributions. Hence, his thoughts would discuss in a historical perspective in chapter III.
Hsu’s another academic contribution was the proposition of the “worrying consciousness”. Due to this concept, a clear foothold was established to communicate the traditional Chinese culture with various ethic cultures in the modern world. Relevant topics on “worrying consciousness” is commented in Chapter IV.
In Hsu’s opinion, the traditional Chinese culture is underpinned by the accomplishment of human’s “Subjectivity” and “Inner-morality”. Initiating the idea of “Jen”, human-heartedness, Confucius affirmed that human beings have the possibility to reach an innerized situation in morality. It comes to be a breakthrough in the history of Chinese thinking. Folling the concept of “inner- morality” advocated by Confucius, Mencius completely construct “the theory of the goodness of human nature” as the base of the “inner-morality”. According to the theory of Mencius, the inner morality of the subjectivity had an actual theory. These issues would be analyzed and discussed in chapter V and VI .
The traditional Chinese culture is highly appreciated by Hsu, Fu-Kuan. Furthermore, he had eagerly devoted to the study of the Chinese cultural thought, not only because he considered that the Chinese culture be definitely full of abundant and precious asset. He also believed that the Chinese culture could be integrated or converged with the modern world harmoniously. Believing the goodness of human nature would develop the democratic politics. He considered that the failure of practicing democracy in the Chinese history resulted from the control of monarchic regime incapable of reaching the balancing situation among different political powers. It is not the fault of the idea of the goodness of human nature itself. Taking the success of “Hsin-Hi Revolution” as an example, he illuminated the possibility that practicing the idea of the goodness of human nature would lead to the success of Democracy in the Chinese society. In conclusion the author tries to explore the modern implications of Confucian’s moral subjectivity addressed by Hsu, Fu-Kuan.
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