The Accumulation and Transformation of Chinese Capital in Thailand－Sino-Thai Banking Family in Changing

• Main Authors: Weng, Yu-Chou, 翁裕洲
• Other Authors: Kung, I-Chun
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2003
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12341132981851206316

碩士 === 淡江大學 === 東南亞研究所 === 91 === In this thesis, I want to answer the question of“How Sino-Thai Chinese capitals were infused in banking and financial sector of Thailand and which of them were dominating？”I tried to solve the puzzle in three perspectives：changes in Social structures, economic situation within and without Thailand, and attitudes of government toward Chinese. Between 1855 and 1970, Chinese capital in Thailand was transformed from“tax farmer capital”and“capital of rice miller and trader”into“Sino-Thai banking and financial capital.”First, we found that traditional Siam structure of Sakdina system, where in assimilation force of Chinese tax farmers has weakened. This kind of capital accumulation was ended. They were replaced by rice miller and trader who subsequently dominated sea trade networks of“Bangkok-Singapore-Hong Kong-Swatow”. These Chinese merchants have advantage of integrating their family business into banking and financial sector. After 1932, the members of revolutionary of People’s Party and military generals pursued economic nationalism, leading to the appearance of Thai people’s bureaucrat capital. Thai political elites in government were aggressively involved in all kinds of business activities Chinese merchants had earned their living for many years. The most dramatic is the intervention in rice mill industry and export trade. Henceforth, the banking and financial sector fell into hands of the Chinese capital of rice miller and trader. We Found that the big four Sino-Thai Banks had emerge after World War Ⅱ, including Bangkok Bank, Thai Farmers Bank, Bank of Ayudhya and Bangkok Metropolitan Bank. It is evident that the capital of rice miller and trader was heavily involved in these banks. Moreover, the management and ownership of the four banks were primarily controlled by the four Chinese families －Sophonpanich, Lamsam, Ratanarak and Techapaiboon till 1970s. Then maintenance of the patron-client relationship made their dominance in banking business a success.