| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 環境工程學系 === 92 === Nantou County is one of the major gravel supply sources in Taiwan, therefore there are many gravel plants operated and result in a large amount of suspended particulates emissions. Furthermore, the Water Resources Agency also executes several projects to dredge the rivers and remove the gravels and sands from the channels. Hence more particulate matters are produced and cause the air quality become worse.
In order to regulate the air pollution problems caused by the activities of the gravel mining, the Environmental Protection Bureau (EPB) of Nantou County needs to spend more than 10 million NT dollars every year to supervise the gravel plants and the river dredging projects. However, the authorities have not yet levy air pollution fees on gravel plants and the amount of air pollution fees the river dredging projects need to pay is also very little (only about 13,003 NT dollars per year). It is absolutely unable to support the relevant administrative costs that EPB spends. Consequencely, the main goal of this research is to establish reasonable regulations, including the rates and procedures of levying air pollution fees on gravel plants and river dredging projects, to reflect the “polluter pays” spirit. Hopefully, such new regulation may activate the polluters’ incitements to control and reduce their particulate matters emissions.
In this research, the emissions of total suspended particulates (TSP) of gravel plants, paved roads and unpaved roads were estimated by EPA97 database and real sampling data. The emission factors and air pollution fee charging rates were then analyzed and calculated. The results indicate that Jiji Town suffers the largest amount of TSP emission, followed by Shueili. The TSP emissions generated from the roads mostly used by the trucks to transport gravels are even more. The TSP emission factor of unpaved roads is found to be 5 times of paved ones. And the suggested charging rates of air pollution fees of paved and unpaved roads are 0.02 and 0.1 NT dollar per unit volume gravel (1 m3) transported unit distance (1 km), respectively. The operation procedure and four alternative charging rates which may be used as the regulation to levy air pollution fee on gravel plants were also established and investigated.
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