| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立暨南國際大學 === 歷史學系 === 92 === The researches and analyses of Taiwan Market Town and Village Organizations in Ch’ing Dynasty are made more investigation into compositions, characters, functions and workings in these years. However, there are fewer monographs researched and analyzed about the dynamic combination and change, the background and reasons of its formation, and the local social characters in every autonomous organization of market towns.
This thesis based on Dan-Xin dang’an mainly and delimited Miaoli District in Ch’ing Dynasty — Zhunan second, third and fourth townships (bao). It discusses the constitution, the alteration, the development background and the effect between each of the town organizations in Miaoli. In addition to, it compares the development differences between coastal and mountain market towns of Miaoli for demonstrating the characters of local society.
It is conclusion below that the article comes to.
Firstly, the formation and transition of the town organization centers: in Houlung market towns, Yuanli market towns and Dajia market towns, because there were great advantage to shipping, military, traffic and geographic environment, they grew to be the district centers of the town organizations in Zhunan second, third and fourth townships(bao). It brought the progress of Miaoli and Tongsiao market towns to develop camphor and tea of in the mountains until 1850s~1870s. Furthermore, Miaoli and Tongsiao market towns replaced Hou-lung and Yuanli market towns to become the district centers of Zhunan second and third townships due to social unrest during 1850s.
Secondary, the establishment of zongli (overseer) and the growth of zongli (overseer) jurisdictions: zongli (overseer) jurisdictions of coastal market towns were established fewer districts, governed spacious terrain and administered a large quantity of towns in consequence the effects of geographic environment and community patterns. Besides, the zongli (overseer) jurisdictions constantly enlarged their governed territories with the expansion of cultivated land and prosperity. In contrast, zongli (overseer) jurisdictions of mountain market towns were established more districts, managed narrow region and administered a small quantity of towns. Mountain market towns were split while they prospered. In the result, zongli (overseer) jurisdictions were divided into more and more districts, governed less and less quantity of market towns and were deduced the districts.
Moreover, ups and downs of the market towns affected establishment of zongli (overseer) jurisdictions to split or integrate. Hence it would adjust flexibly but not fixed. The zongli (overseer) complements of each town organizations were different according to alteration of every market town. They would be corrected to accord social demand by atmosphere, safety, involved affair and ethnic division.
The town organizations of every township (bao) in Miaoli came to various growing ways under diverse regions and different epochs. Specially, while immigrants continually civilized inland, autonomous organization of market towns in north Taiwan were extended and separated incessantly.
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