| Summary: | 博士 === 國立交通大學 === 工業工程與管理系所 === 92 === Risk pooling is an important application in supply chain management. It is an effective means in improving customer service and reducing total system costs. This thesis concentrates on the problems of lateral transshipment and risk pooling in a two-echelon distribution system in which only one item is considered.
We firstly analyze the factors that affect transshipment. Then, we propose a concept called “integrated purchasing and rationalized distributing” to operate a two-echelon distribution system, compare the difference among various distribution systems, and illustrate the excellence of this concept; Finally, we propose nine transshipment rules and evaluate their performances under emergent and complete transshipment environments, and verify whether these transshipment rules perform the same under the condition of a distribution system consisting of different numbers of retailers.
The research result shows that: 1.The concept of “integrated purchasing and rationalized distributing” could be used to construct an excellent two-echelon inventory distribution system; 2.The service level obtained based on the assumption of single demand within one period is higher than that of multiple demands within one period. The performance of transshipment is overestimated if we simplify multiple demands within one period to a single demand within one period; 3.When the distribution center acts as a coordinator in the distribution system, the total quantity be ordered can be reduced, and the system performance can be improved by lateral transshipment at lower cost; 4.The transshipment rules that perform the best are designed by considering the ability of retailers in terms of the time needed to transshipt. These rules are followed by those which are designed by considering the predicted ability of retailers in the end of a certain period. The transshipment rules which are designed according to the past ability of retailers perform the worst; 5.No matter whether the system consist of 5, 10, or 20 retailers, the transshipment rules which are designed based on the ability of retailers on the time to transship always perform the best, this is valuable information in designing transshipment rules.
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