| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立花蓮師範學院 === 國小科學教育研究所 === 92 === A Practical Research of Scientific Education :
How to Promote the Students’ Viewpoints & Attitudes to the Nature of Science in Elementary Schools through the History of Science
Abstract
Since Ministry of Education put emphasis on the integration of the courses about the nature of science in elementary schools and junior high schools, all teachers
have tried to develop a teaching model about the nature of science according to “ the Capability Index of the Nature of Science In the Nine-Year Curriculum”. There have been lots of researches saying that teachers can help students create the interests and abilities to the nature of science through the history and literatures of science. Thus, in this research, the researcher make efforts to develop a completely 6~10-week course
of the history of science according to the Capability Index of the Nature of Science (3-3-0-4、3-3-0-5). Furthermore, the researcher has taught his six-grade students in the elementary school about the nature of science class in this way and observed to what impact it may have upon these students . So far the researcher wants to do his best to support the teaching model he has got. Then, he sincerely hopes that maybe this model can play an important role to the curriculum of the nature of science in the future.
The researcher did his research in an active and practical way. That is to say, it’s an action research. First, he selected the topic “Stories of Caloric Theory” for advanced investigation. Second, this researcher carefully simplified the literatures of the topic, assured the connotation of the topic, executed the teaching plan and paid more attentions to the interactions between the teacher and all the students. Third, in his class he still devoted to teaching the individual who could not follow the teacher or the one who might be much better than other students. Next, he put so called “ Historical Case Study” and “Interactive Historical Vignettes” into the materials he had. Finally, the teacher-as-researcher developed a five-unit teaching plan. While the teacher was in the class, he taught the students the main ideas by speaking, discussing, reviewing, testing and making the experiment. Every time after the class, the teacher-as-researcher clearly recorded all the processes and feelings that the teacher and the students had experienced at that time. Therefore, we could see the whole curriculum design about the history of science.
The results of this study indicate that it depended on the curriculum (interview,
expression in class, work sheet) that the different students would learn and understand more or less. In this case, the students might get something or not in the class because of their attitude toward the lesson and their own original intelligence. The researcher found it was much easier to reach the goal (3-3-0-4) but it seemed to be more difficult to reach the goal (3-3-0-5) according to “ the Capability Index of the Nature of the Science”. If we can make good use of the history of science, it’s possible for us to reach the goal (3-3-0-5). As to the difficulties and troubles this researcher ever had are that: (1) The definition of “the Capability Index of the Nature of Science” takes more time. (2 )How to properly arrange time and the content in class is very important. (3) The skill of explanation is not good enough. (4) The teaching aid is limited and poor. (5) The benefits of the students are less. Fortunately, the researcher overcame most of the difficulties at last and now realizes the possibility to lead a successfully educational business is that we must combine teachers , the teaching staffs of all schools with the government to work together. It goes without saying that all teachers must have professional wisdom and patience. Most of all, teachers should love their careers and then devote to teaching all the time.
Keywords：history of science，Capability Index of the Nature of Science，curriculum design，Caloric theory
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