| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣海洋大學 === 環境生物與漁業科學學系 === 92 === Abstract
Domestic researches regarding smuggling and illegal immigration have always been facing difficulties in provision of practical figures. The phenomenon is especially significant in conducting detection and precaution of crimes due to lack of information and practical experiences. Such deficiency also deters any advanced researches. The criminal cases occur at sea are different from those in land in terms of atmospheric, oceanic and biological conditions. The criminal cases obtained in the past is a key to the current deployment of maritime patrolling force, especially from their spatio-temporal characteristics. Helpful information is always hidden in historical records depending on how they are processed properly. In this study, we use the criminal records provided by the General Maritime Patrol Agency and use GIS as a tool to analyze their features behind, so as to improve the deployment of current maritime patrols scheme.
All the data adopted in the study are from the government’s files, including crime files released by the General Maritime Patrol Agency, Coast Guard Administration during 1992-1993, and wind direction, wind speed, precipitation, temperature and atmospheric pressure records of various weather stations provided by Central Weather Bureau. After compilation and analysis in the study, the spatio-temporal characteristics of the past cases in Taiwan and Peng-Hu regions are summarized as follow:
(1) The peak of occurrence in time are during 18:00~06:00 comprising more than 70% of the total cases;
(2) The concentration of occurrence in space are mainly in Peng-Hu Channel, Tai-Nan, Kao-Hsiung, Ping-Tong waters as well as Northeast coastal areas. The frequency of case occurrence within 3-nautical-mile band from coastline is two times higher than the equivalent bands in outer offshore zones;
(3) Wind speed is a key factor determining the occurrence rate. Crimes hardly occur in wind speed over grade 5th in Beaufort Wind Scale (17-21 nm/hr) and most of the cases concentrated in grade 2nd (4-6 nm/hr).
According to the characteristics summarized above, the study makes recommendations as follow:
(1) The patrolling duty are suggested to insert more during 18:00~06:00 because of the physiological reason of the smugglers and immigrants;
(2) The patrolling areas are suggested to be allocated more within 3 nautical miles from coastline, especially in the hot points revealed by the past cases in order to overcome the limitation of police power and vessel performance.
(3) The Maritime Patrol Agency should notice that smugglers were also active in sea state under wind speed of 4-6 nm/hr according to the records and allocate their patrolling duty accordingly.
(4) There are hot points of smuggling and illegal immigration at sea. Every maritime patrol crop has their own responsible areas. However, the patrolling inforcement at sea should not have any spatial boundary.
Keywords:General Maritime Patrol Agency，Smuggling，Immigration
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