| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中正大學 === 化學所 === 93 === Photonic crystals are constructed from dielectric materials with different refractive indexes, such as colloidal particles or rod-like materials, that can be stacked and form two-dimensional or three-dimensional of periodic nanostructures. Such unique structures have characteristic photonic band gaps, and can control and manipulate the flow of light. Consequently, photonic crystals are of great interest both in fundamental and applied research and lead to broad applications. For examples, they can act as tunable optical filters, cavity semiconductor laser, low-loss bend waveguide, photonic crystal fiber, light emitting diode, etc. In addition, one of the important applications of photonic crystals is in analytical chemistry and especially in sensor applications. It has been demonstrated that glucose, metal ions, antibodies in biological matrices…etc., can be detected with photonic crystals. Both sensing sensitivity and dynamic range are good. Therefore, the study of photonic crystals becomes an important research area. Generally, the methods of preparation can be divided into two categories, physical and chemical methods. The purpose of this article is to introduce the preparation methods for each kind of photonic crystals, and will emphasize the preparation methods based on chemical route. The preparation methods based on physical route will be briefly summarized. Other than the preparation methods, this paper also reviews the application of photonic crystals to chemical sensors and biosensors.
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