Agronomic Traits of the Amylopullulanase Transgenic Rice and Its Effect on Microorganisms

• Main Authors: Mon-Yin Din, 丁孟宜
• Other Authors: Hsin-sheny Tasy
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2005
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25030761995058350875

碩士 === 朝陽科技大學 === 生物技術研究所 === 93 === The view of the international concern about the possible human health and environmental hazards caused by transgenic crops makes it a must to carry out security assessment for each transgenic crops. Amylopullulanase (APU) transgenic rice was assessed for disease susceptibility in the isolation field of Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute following “ Field Test Regulation of Transgenic Crops ” announced by the Council of Agriculture. Brown spot caused by Bipolaris oryzae occurred during the first and second crops in 2004. During the booting stage of the first crops, APU transgenic rice showed higher susceptibility to brown spot, while non-transgenic TNG67 showed moderate susceptibility to the same disease. However, during the second crops, both transgenic rice and non-transgenic rice displayed high susceptibility to brown spot. Pathogenicity tests showed that both transgenic rice and non-transgenic rice were moderately susceptible to Pyricularia oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani AG-1, but highly susceptible to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. When rice seedling were inoculated with Bipolaris oryzae APU-B01 strain isolated from transgenic rice, both transgenic rice and non-transgenic rice showed higher susceptibility to the pathogen. However, when they were inoculated with Bipolaris oryzae TNG67-B04 strain isolated from non-transgenic rice, the transgenic rice showed high susceptibility to the pathogen, while the non-transgenic rice showed moderate susceptibility to the same pathogen. Media amended with stem tissue of transgenic rice or non-transgenic rice were equally stimulatory to growth B. oryzae APU-B01 strain. However, the pathogen showed better growth on medium amended with grain tissue of non-transgenic rice than that of transgenic rice. Media amended with leaf or grain tissue of transgenic rice or non- transgenic rice were similarly stimulatory to the growth of B. oryzae TNG67- B04 strain. However, medium amended with stem tissue of non- transgenic rice was more stimulatory to the same pathogen than that of transgenic rice. Media amended with leaf or stem tissue of transgenic rice or non- transgenic rice were equally stimulatory to the growth of R. solani TC-96 strain. The total numbers of bacteria and fungi in soils with transgenic rice or non- transgenic rice reached the maximum growth on the 60th day and 75th day after transplanting, respectively. However, the microbes on the leaf surface of transgenic rice or non- transgenic rice reached the maximum growth on the 90th day after transplanting. As for the second crop, the total number of fungi on the leaf surface of the transgenic rice was greater than that of non- transgenic rice, but there was no difference in bacterial population between transgenic rice or non- transgenic rice. There was no considceable difference in percentage of seed germination between transgenic rice or non- transgenic rice at 35℃, 26±2℃ and 15 ℃, or in root length at 35 ℃. Transgenic rice seedlings were taller than non-transgenic rice seedlings at 26±2℃ and 15℃ during the second cropping period. At 35℃ and 26±2℃ , transgenic rice was heavier than non-transgenic rice in dry weight of both whole plants and roots. However, at 15 ℃ only dry weight of whole plants showed the difference. Unpolished grains and white polished grains did not show any difference in the contents of protein, lipid, water and amylase between transgenic rice and non- transgenic rice. However, the reducing sugar content of the transgenic rice was much higher than that of non-transgenic rice, after being heated at 37℃ for 120 minutes.