Family tragidies in the natur

• Main Authors: Liu, Chi-Chun, 劉綺君
• Other Authors: Wang, Mei-Ling
• Format: Others
• Published: 2005
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90068650183372352424

碩士 === 輔仁大學 === 德國語文學系 === 93 === The nineteen century was a period of rapid and radical change. The entire face of Western Europe and North America, including Germany was transformed under the onslaught of the Industrial Revolution. The scientific discoveries of the age forced man to a total re-assessment of his view of himself both as a physical and as a moral being. The life style of humans not only in economic state, but also in the whole society has been totally changed; therefore many problems had become, for example miserably, poverty, illness, crime, drunkenness and the moral corruption. Thus, naturalism was established and all of these aspects of the Industrial Revolution feature in the works of the Naturalists. Naturalistic writers use a version of scientific method and apply it to their writing. The study of human beings focuses on their instinct, passion and the ways in which their lives are governed by forces of heredity and environment. Naturalistic writers follow the same technique of accumulating details but have a specific segment of reality that they wish to convey. Alcoholism and heredity play an important role in the naturalistic works, for example in this work „Papa Hamlet“ und „Die Familie Selicke“ by Arno Holz (1863-1929) und Johannes Schlaf (1862-1941), and particularly in the social drama „Vor Sonnenaufgang“ by Gerhart Hauptmann (1862-1946). These three works have shown the Family tragedies in naturalistic Works. These three authors have tried to write their own life experiences into these works. The analysis shows that the family tragedies were not only by the drunkenness craze of the family members, but also by the time, social environment and the birth determine. With the environment theory of the naturalism show the three writers Holz, Schlaf und Hauptmann the real social diseased condition and those problems at that time. Without doubt the naturalistic opened up large new areas of subject matter in the struggles of the working classes and it introduced new modes, particularly of dialogue, which were to be of real importance for twentieth-century literature.